动词不定式考查热点.docxVIP

动词不定式考查热点

动词不定式（短语）是非谓语动词的一种,?在句中常作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补足语等，且有时态、语态等形式的变化。不定式用法多样，形式灵活，因而成为历年高考的热点。现结合高考真题将有关问题解析如下。?

一、考查动词不定式（短语）的句法功能?

(一）作主语?

动词不定式可以作句子的主语，这时谓语动词用单数。若不定式主语较长，常用it来代替它作形式主语，而将真实主语不定式短语移到谓语之后，以免句子结构头重脚轻。如：?

1.?When?and?where?to?build?the?new?factory?____?yet.?

A.?is?not?decided?B.?are?not?decided?

C.?has?not?decided?D.?have?not?decided?(91国)?

2.?I?love?to?go?to?the?seaside?in?summer.?It?____?good?to?lie?in?the?sun?or?swim?in?the?cold?sea.?

A.?doesB.?feelsC.?getsD.?makes?(96国)?

动词不定式作主语时，it为形式主语的常见句型有：?

①?It?is?easy?/difficult/hard?/important/right/?wrong/?possible/?necessary,?/foolish/?kind...to?do...?

②It?is?a?pleasure?/pity/?pleasant?thing/?an?honour...to?do...?

③It?takes?(sb.)?some?time?to?do...?

(二）作宾语?

有些及物动词常跟动词不定式作宾语，这些动词有：like,?want,?try,?wish,?begin,?decide,?ask?,?forget,?promise,?hope,?love,?offer,?refuse?等。如：?

3.?I?don’t?want?____?like?I’m?speaking?ill?of?anybody,?but?the?manager’s?plan?is?unfair.?（05津)?

A.?to?sound?B.?to?be?sounded?

C.?sounding?D.?to?have?sounded?

4.?They’re?not?very?good,?but?we?like?____.?

A.?anyway?to?play?basketball?with?them?

B.?to?play?basketball?with?them?anyway?

C.?to?play?with?them?basketball?anyway?

D.?with?them?to?play?basketball?anyway?

?(00沪)?

有些动词后面跟复合宾语时，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正宾语?——不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后。这类动词常见的有find(发现)，think(认为)，consider(认为)，feel(觉得)，make(使得)等。如：?

Marx?found?it?important?to?study?the?situation?in?Russia.?马克思觉得研究俄国形势很重要。?

（三）作补足语?

不定式可与名词或代词构成复合宾语，这时不定式作宾语补足语。此情况分以下三种：?

①?带to的不定式作宾语补足语?

要求这种结构的动词主要有：advise,?allow,?ask,?beg,?cause,?drive,?encourage,?expect,?force,?invite,?like,?love,?teach,?oblige,?order,?persuade,?request,?require,?tell,?want?等。如：?

5.?My?advisor?encouraged?____?a?summer?course?to?improve?my?writing?skills.?

A.?for?me?taking?B.?me?taking?

C.?for?me?to?take?D.?me?to?take（04京)?②?不带to的不定式作宾语补足语?

常用于这种结构的动词有：make,?let,?have,?hear,?watch,?notice,?feel,?see?等。?

6.?As?you’ve?never?been?there?before