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Insight
★
IstheSpitzenkandidatprocessawasteoftime?
byChristinaKe?ler,3June2024
TheSpitzenkandidat(leadcandidate)processhasnotfulfilleditspromiseofengagingtheaverage
voter.Still,ithashelped‘europeanise’theEuropeanParliamentelectionsandisworthpersistingwith.
WhoshoulddecidewhobecomesthePresidentoftheEuropeanCommission,theEU’sexecutive
body?Oneoptionisthe(democratically-elected)governmentsofthemember-states.Anotheris
the(democratically-elected)EuropeanParliament.TheSpitzenkandidat(leadcandidate)processisa
compromisethatwassupposedtogivebothintergovernmentalistsandfederalistssomeofwhattheywanted.Thisinsightexplainsbothwhyithasnotworkedasintendedsofar,andalsowhytheEuropeanParliamentneverthelessshoulddoubledownonitforthe2029elections.
Theoriginsoftheprocess
TheSpitzenkandidatprocessdoesnotappearinanytreaty,thoughitreflectstheevolvingroleofthe
EuropeanParliamentintheappointmentoftheEuropeanCommission,andthechangingbalanceof
powerbetweennationalgovernmentsandMEPs.TheTreatyofRomegavetheAssembly(theEuropeanParliament’spredecessor)noroleinappointingtheCommissionoritspresident:bothwereappointedbyconsensusoftheCouncil.TheMaastrichttreatyof1992obligedtheCounciltoconsulttheParliamentbeforenominatingtheCommissionpresident;theParliamentthenhadtoapprove(orreject)the
Commissionasawhole.IntheAmsterdamtreatyof1997,theParliamentforthefirsttimegainedthepowertoapprovetheCommissionpresidentseparatelyfromtherestoftheCommission.
Itwasthe2009LisbonTreatythat(implicitly)createdthebasisfortheSpitzenkandidatprocess:Article17oftheTreatyonEuropeanUnionnowstates:
“TakingintoaccounttheelectionstotheEuropeanParliamentandafterhavingheldtheappropriateconsultations,theEuropeanCouncil,acti
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