《大学物理简明教程》 课件 英文 8-2 Superposition of Waves.pptx

SuperpositionofWavesWhathappened??

Twomechanicalwavesofthesamefrequency2harmonicmotionsforoneparticleinthemedium?Themotionoftheparticle??

?Phasedifferenceisimportant!

TwoSHM“inphase”TwoSHM“outofphase”Specialsituations

6Whathappensifacontinuouswaveisreflected?Reflection

uuIncidentwavereflectedwaveBothwavesareofthesamefrequency,samespeedandsamewavelength.Ifnoenergylossduringthereflection,thenthesameamplitudeButoppositedirection!

uuPhasechangeatreflectionpointFixedpointAtthereflectionpointPhaseshift

y5612-5Thewaveformatt=0isshowninthegraph.Thewavespeedis18.Thedirectionofmotionofaparticleinthemediumisgiveninthegraph.Findthewavefunction.(allquantitiesareinSIunits)Example??Submityouranswersbyscanit

??Wavefunctions?Simpleharmonicmotion“Amplitude”ofSHM

StandingWaveTwowaves-oppositedirection-samefrequency-sameamplitudeConstructiveinterferenceDestructiveinterferencenodeantinode

NodesAntinodes?y1y2y=y1+y2

String–bothendsfixedBothendsmustbenodes!?Integernumberofantinodes

?n=1,2,3….?tensioninthestringmassperunitlengthofthestring?Fundamentalfrequency“nth”harmonicpossiblewavelengthsofastandingwaveonthestring

OrganPipeAn?organpipe?isasound-producingelementofthe?pipeorgan?that?resonates?ataspecific?pitch?whenpressurizedairisdriventhroughit.Eachpipeistunedtoaspecificnoteofthe?musicalscale.resonate=formstandingwaves

Standingwaveofthesound

OneendclosedNodesAntinodes??????Fundamentalfrequency“nth”harmonic

BothendsopenAntinodesAntinodesWhatarethefrequenciesofsound?Giventhepipelengthof1m.???

n=1:1stharmonicmodefundamentalmoden=2:2ndharmonicmode1stovertonen=3:3rdharmonicmode2ndovertonen=4:4thharmonicmode3rdovertonehigherfrequencyshorterwavelengthterminologyabouts