AASHTO AWS D1.5M-D1.5-2020 Bridge Welding Code 桥梁焊接规范（5-5）.pdf

COMMENTARYAASHTO/AWS01.SM/01.5:2020

capableofdirectlyreadingwireteeds1eeds.Forcomputationofheatinput,currentis州IIrequi时，andconversioncharts

areavailabletocorrelatecurrenttospecificwirefeedspeeds.Itisessentialthatthecorrelationconsiderstheeffectsof

polarity,electrodediameter,andelectrodeextension(s出豆29)

Currenttypemaybeeitheralternatingcuπ·emordirectcurrent,ACorDC.Polarityisthesignofthecurrent,electrode

positiveorelectrodenegative,anddeterminesthedirectionoftheflowofelectronsacrossthearc.Foragivenwirefeed

speed,operatingarcweldingequipmentDCelectrodepositive,frequentlyreferredtoasreversepolarity,producesdeeper

p臼1etrntionthanDCnegative.Foragivenwirefeedsp四d,DCelectrodenegative,alsocalledstraightpolarity,produces

shallowerpenetrationthanDCpo盯tive.ACchangespolarity120timespersecond，制dthereforedepthofpenetrationis

betvνeenthetwo

Theelectrodeextension,alsocalledstickout,isdefinedasthedistancefromtheendofthecontacttiptothestartofthe

arc.However,fromapracticalpointofview,electrodeextensionisoftenmeasuredbetweenthecontacttipandthework.

Eitherapproachisallowableprovideditisconsistenllyappliedinbothqualificationtestingandproduction.Asignificant

increaseinelectrodeextensionwillresultinadecreaseinweldingcuπ·entifthewirefeedspeedisunchanged.With

increasedelectrodeextension,theelectrodeisheatedbyelectricalresistanιe,raisingthetemperatureoftheelectrodeand

reducingthenecessaryamperagetomelttheelectrode.Thereisa时’nificantvoltagedropacrosstheelectrodeextension,

andinordertomaintainanadequatearcvoltage,thevoltageisincreasedtocompensateforthisdrop.Althoughtheweld-

ingcu