chapter9-2国际物流单证流程课件讲解.pptx

物流国际化实务江苏海事职业技术学院仲颖EnglishforinternationalshippingbusinesChapter9-1

TheobjectivesThecontentsEvaluationExercisesCourseIntroduction

Theobjectivesmodesoftransportbilloflading

MarineTransportMarinetransportcanfallintotwogroups:LinersTramps

LinersLinersoperateonascheduledservicebetweenagroupofports.Linerssailonscheduleddatesandtimesirrespectiveofwhethertheyarefullornot.Shipmentsomadeonlinersisrelativelysmallbutfrequent.

LinersLinertransportischaracterizedbyafixedsailingschedule,fixedcallingports,afixednavigationrouteandrelativelyfixedfreightrates.Therespectiveliabilitiesoftheconsignorsandthecarriersarelistedinthebillsofladingissuedbythelinercompanies.Linercompaniespublishtheirsailingschedulesinnewspapersordistributethemamongtheconsignors.

FreightofLinersLinercompanieschargeconsignorsaccordingtotheirliner’sfreighttariff.Freightoflinershasinittheloadingandunloadingcharges.Thefreightoflinerscomprisesbasicchargesandadditionalcharges.

FreightofLinersGreatattentionshouldbepaidtotheadditionalcharges,whicharemanyinvariety.Forexample,ExtraChargesonHeavyLifts(超重附加费).ExtraChargesonOverLengths(超长附加费).AdditionalChargesonOptionalDischarging(装卸附加费).TransshipmentSurcharge(转船附加费).PortSurcharge(港口附加费).Additionalchargesshouldnotbeoverlookedinthequotationofthegoods.

TrampsUnliketheliners,atrampdoesnotsailonafixedrouteorafixedschedule,butgoesallovertheworldinsearchofcargoes,primarilybulkshipment,likecoal,grain,timber,steel,ores,fertilizers,etc.,whicharecarriedincompleteshiploads.Trampvesselsareengagedundercharteringonatimeorvoyagebasis,andsometimesarecharteredtosupplementexistinglinerservicestomeetpeakcargoshipmentdemands.CharteringmightbeVoyageCharter/TripCharterorTimeCharter.

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