体格检查-英语.ppt

ThePhysicalExamination“Teachtheeyetosee,thefingertofeel,andtheeartohear”.Theexaminermustbeabletoidentify,analyze,andsynthesizetheaccumulatedinformationintoacomprehensiveassessment.GoalPreparationWhatdopatientsneedtobepreparedWhatdoctorsneedtoprepareWhatequipmentyoumayneed-AsaphysicianElegantappearance（仪表端庄）Decentmanner（举止得体）Kindattitude（态度和蔼）Highlyresponsibility（有责任感）Goodmedicalmorals（良好医德）-forapatientThepatientshouldbemadeascomfortableaspossibleduringtheexamination.Thepatientshouldbeproperlydraped.Properexpose.Canyounamethesepiecesofexaminationequipment?RequiredOptionalStethoscope(听诊器）Tongueblades（压舌板）Penlight（电筒）Tapemeasure（卷尺）Sphygmomanometer（血压计）Reflexhammer（叩诊锤）Safetypins（大头针）Gloves（手套）Gauzepads（纱布垫）Lubricantgel（润滑油）Nasalspeculum（鼻窥镜）Tuningfork:(音叉)Pocketvisualacuitycard（袖珍视觉检测卡）EquipmentforphysicalexaminationSequential(有顺序的)-Conductedinheadtotoeorder:head---neck---chest---abdomen---spine---extremities---anal---genital---nervesystemVitalSigns生命体征TemperatureindegreesCelciusorFahrenheit,Pulseinbeatsperminute,RespiratoryrateinbreathsperminuteBloodPressure–e.g.120/80mmHgisusuallyreadasonehundredtwentyover80millimetersofMercury.VitalSigns[vaitlsain]生命体征Howtoreadthis?TheprinciplesInspection[in‘spek??n]（视诊）Palpation[p?l’p?i??n]（触诊）Percussion[p?‘k???n]（叩诊）Auscultation[?:sk?ltei??n]（听诊）Whatisthefifth?Smelling（嗅诊）1.Inspection1.InspectionMethodofobservationusedduringphysicalexaminationItincludesageneralsurveyofthepatient’sGeneralappearanceStateofnutrition（营养状况）Bodyhabitus（体型）Symmetry（对称）Postureandgait（体位和步态）SpeechMentalstatusandpersonalgrooming(装扮)Doesthepatientlookwellorsick?Ishecomfortableinbed?Doesheappearindistress?Ishealertorishegrogg