参考成果预测.pptx

PartC;Topiclist;;;1.Correlation（相关）;1.1scattergraphs(散点图);Perfectcorrelation：positive（完全正相关）;Perfectcorrelation：negative（完全负相关）;Partialcorrelation：positive（部分正相关）;Partialcorrelation：negative（部分负相关）;Nocorrelation（无关）;2.Thecorrelationcoefficient

相关系数r;Example:

Thecorrelationcoefficient;month;SOLUTION!;将∑x,∑y,∑xy,∑X2,∑y2代入;r的解释;Whichofthefollowingcorrelationcoefficientsindicatestheweakestrelationshipbetweentwovariables?

A+0.9

B-0.6

C-0.8

D-1.0;3.Thecoefficientofdetermination

可决系数;Ifthecorrelationcoefficientbetweenacompany’soutputvolumeandmaintenancecostswas0.9,r2wouldbe0.81,meaningthat81%ofvariationsinmaintenancecostscouldbeexplainedbyvariationsinoutputvolume,leavingonly19%ofvariationstobeexplainedbyotherfactors.;Example:;Attentionhere!;Iftwovariablesarewellcorrelated,eitherpositivelyornegatively,thismaybeduetopurechanceortheremaybeareasonforit.

Thelargerthenumberofpairsofdatacollected,thelesslikelyitisthatthecorrelationisduetochance.;4.Linesofbestfit;Thescattergraphmethodistoplotpairsofdatafortworelatedvariablesonagraph,toproduceascattergraph,andthentousejudgmenttodrawwhatseemstobealineofbestfit.;;Example:;Whatistheequationoftheline?;;4.2leastsquaresmethod;线性回归的目的：计算y=a+bx中的a和b,从而找出thebestline的回归方程.;Example:;Whichstatementsarecorrect?

A（i）and（ii）only.

B（i）and（iii）only.

C（ii）and（iii）only.

D（i）,（ii）and（iii）.;Example:;Quarternumber;Theeffectsofinflationhavebeeneliminatedfromtheabovecosts.Themanagementaccountantisusinglinearregressiontoestablishanequationoftheformy=a+bxandhasproducedthefollowingpreliminarycalculations:

∑(maintenancecosts×productionunits)

=￡61,250million

∑(totalmaintenancecost)2=￡809,598million

∑(productionunits)2=4,640million;Requi