托福听力tpo51 lecture1、2、3、4 原文+题目+答案+译文.docx

托福听力tpo51lecture1、2、3、4原文+题目+答案+译文

TOC\o1-2\h\u19725Lecture1 1

20669原文 1

20020题目 3

16934答案 5

20351译文 6

8536Lecture2 7

24016原文 7

29519题目 10

28497答案 12

11836译文 12

24406Lecture3 14

11882原文 14

22073题目 16

11031答案 18

25931译文 18

29495Lecture4 20

7946原文 20

14658题目 22

30261答案 24

11897译文 24

Lecture1

原文

NARRATOR:Listentopartofalectureinabotanyclass.

FEMALEPROFESSOR:So,continuingwithcropdomestication,andcorn—or,um,maize,asitsoftencalled.Obviouslyitsoneoftheworldsmostimportantcropstoday.Itssuchabigpartofthedietinsomanycountries,anditsgotsomanydifferentuses,thatitshardtoimagineaworldwithoutit.Butbecauseitdoesntgrownaturally,withouthumancultivation,andbecausetheresnoobviouswildrelativeofmaize…uh,well,forthelongesttime,researchersweren’tabletofindanyclearlinkbetweenmaizeandotherlivingplants.Andthatsmadeithardforthemtotracethehistoryofmaize.

Now,scientifictheoriesabouttheoriginsofmaizefirststartedcomingoutinthe1930s.Oneinvolvedaplantcalledteosinte.TeosinteisatallgrassthatgrowswildincertainpartsofMexicoandGuatemala.Whenresearchersfirststartedlookingatwildteosinteplants,theythoughttherewasachancethatthetwoplants—um,maizeandteosinte—wererelated.Theyoungwildteosinteplantlooksalotlikethecornplant,andtheplantscontinuetoresembleeachother—atleastsuperficially—evenwhentheyredeveloped.

Butwhenthescientistsexaminedthefruitsofthetwoplants,itwasadifferentstory.Whenyoulookatripecorn,youseerowuponrowofjuicykernels…um,allthosetinylittleyellowsquaresthatpeopleeat.Fullygrownteosinte,ontheotherhand,hasaskinnystalkthatholdsonlyadozenorsokernelsbehindahard,um,almoststonelikecasing.Infact,basedontheappearanceofitsfruit,teosintewasinitiallyconsideredtobeacloserrela