九分阅读达人(3).pdf

TheSpanishconquistadorsfirstencountered

thepotatowhentheyarrivedinPeruin1532to

searchofgold,andnotedIncaminers

eatingChuno.AtthetimetheSpaniardsfailed

torealizethatthepotatorepresentedafar

moreimportanttreasurethansilverorgold,

buttheydidgraduallybegintousepotatoesas

basicrationsaboardtheirships.Afterthe

arrivalofthepotatoinSpainin1570,afew

Spanishfarmersbegantocultivatethemona

smallscale,mostlyasfoodforlivestock.

1532年,当西班牙的征服者抵达秘鲁寻找黄金时,首次遇到了土豆,并注意到

印加矿工吃的Chuno.虽然当时西班牙人未能意识到土豆代表比金银更重要的财富,

但他们也逐渐开始在船上使用土豆作为基本口粮。1570年,当土豆到达西班牙后,

一些西班牙农民开始在小范围内种植它,主要作为牲畜的饲料。

ThroughoutEurope,potatoeswereregardedwithsuspicion,distaste

andfear,generallyconsideredtobeunfitforhumanconsumption,they

wereusedonlyasanimalfodderandsustenanceforthestarving.in

northernEurope,potatoeswereprimarilygrowninbotanicalgardensas

anexoticnovelty.evenpeasantsrefusedtoeatfromaplantproduce

ugly,misshapentubersandthathadconefromaheathen

civilization.somefeltthatthepotatoplant’sresemblancetoplants

inthenightshadefamilyhintedthatitwasthecreationofwitchesor

devils.

当时在整个欧洲,人们对土豆的态度是怀疑、厌恶和恐惧的。人们普遍认为土

豆是不适合人类食用的,它们仅用动物的饲料和饥民的食物。在北欧,土豆主要种植

在植物园,作为一种异国的奇异植物。连农民都拒绝吃这种丑陋的、畸形的、来自

野蛮国家的块茎植物。一些人认为土豆和茄科植物相类似,都是巫婆或者魔鬼的创

造。

Inmeet-lovingEngland,farmersandurbanworkersregardedpotatoes

withextremedistaste.In1662,theroyalsocietyrecommendedthe

civilizationofthetubertotheEnglishgovernmentandthenation,but

thisrecommendationhadlittleimpact.potatoesdidnotbecomeastaple

until,duringthefoodshortagesassociatedwiththerevolutionary

wars,theEnglishgovernmentbeganofficiallyencouragepotato

cultivation.in1975,theBoardofAgricultureissuedapamphletentitled

“HintsrespectingtheCultureandUseofPotatoes”;thiswasfollowed

shortlybypro-p