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UNIT1Computerisanelectronicequipmentwhichcanmakearithmeticandlogicalcalculation,processinformationrapidlyandautomatically.Itwasin1946thatthefirstcomputeroftheworldturnedoutinAmerica,whichwasnamedENIAC.Thoughitwasveryhuge,withouthighperformance,itmakesbasisforthedevelopmentofcomputer.IntroductionofComputerSincethefirstcomputerwasborn,thedevelopmentspeedofcomputersciencetechniquehasbeenquitesurprising.Takethespeedofcalculation,ENIACcouldonlymakecalculations5000timespersecond;today,thefastestcomputerreaches100,000,000,000times.Computersareappliedinsuchfields:1.sciencecalculationThepurposeofinventinganddevelopingcomputeristomakearithmeticcalculationrapidlyandaccurately.Computerscanbeusedforallkindsofsciencecalculations,whichhavebeenbecomingoneofimportantfieldsofcomputerapplication,forexample,calculationsintheprocessoflaunchingsatellitesandmissilesetc.2.dataprocessing1Withthedevelopmentofsciencetechnique,moreandmoreinformationincludingnumericaldataandnonenumericaldatacomeout.Atthepresent,dataprocessinghasbeenthewidestfieldofcomputerapplication.Productionmanagement,datacounting,officeautomation,trafficdispatching,informationretrievalbelongtothisfield.2Especiallyintheseyears,withthedevelopmentofdatabaseandcomputernetworktechnique,computerusersindifferentdistrictsandcountriescansharemanyvaluableinformationresourcesthroughnetwork.3.realtimecontrol3Realtimecontrolisthecontrolofprocedureintheprocessofpracticalproductionswherecomputersareapplied.Realtimereferstothatthetimeofcomputer’scalculatingandcontrollingmaymatchthetimeofcontrolledobject’spracticalrunningorworking.4.adjuvantdesignTakeadvantageoftheabilityofcomputer’scalc
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