美国社会与文化期末考试及答案.pdfVIP

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I.Brief-answerquestions（本题满分35分）

PassageOne

Everyyear,oneAmericanfamilyinfivemovestoanewhome.Mostofthesenewhomesarein

theSunbeltStates,anicknameforthewarm,sunnystatesoftheSouthandSouthwest.TheSun

Belthasseensubstantialpopulationgrowthinrecentdecades,partlyfueledbyasurgeinretiring

babyboomerswhomigratedomestically,aswellastheinfluxofimmigrants,bothlegalandillegal.

PeoplearealsomovingbecausejobsandindustrieshaveshiftedfromFrostbelttotheSunbelt.

Knownforitscold,frost-producingwintersandheavysnowfall,theFrostBeltisgenerally

consideredtoincludetheNortheasternUnitedStates,theGreatLakesRegionandmuchofthe

UpperMidwest.Formanyyears,theFrostBeltwasthecenterofAmericaneconomicactivity,and

themostpopulouspartoftheUnitedStates.However,inthepastseveraldecades,theFrostBelt

hadalreadybeenexperiencingastagnatingpopulation.Forinstance,thefollowingstates

experiencedtheleastpopulationgrowthduringthe1990s:DistrictofColumbia(-5.7%),North

Dakota(0.5%),WestVirginia(0.8%),Pennsylvania(3.4%)andConnecticut(3.6%).

ThisFrostbelt-SunbeltShiftisalsoashiftfromthepreviouslyeconomicallyandpolitically

importantNortheasttotheSouthandWest.Warmerclimate,andaboomintheagricultureindustry

allowedforthesouthernthirdoftheU.S.A.togrowbyleapsandboundseconomically.Theclimate

stimulatesnotonlyagriculturalgrowthbutwasalsoahavenformanyretireeswhosetupretirement

communitiesinplacessuchasFloridaandArizona.Industriessuchasaerospace,defenseand