雅思(阅读)模拟试卷45(题后含答案及解析).pdfVIP

雅思（阅读）模拟试卷45(题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1.ReadingModule

ReadingModule(60minutes)

PovertyandHealthThelinkbetweenhealthandeconomic

outcomeshasalwaysbeenacentralissueforbotheconomistsandsociologists.Most

expertsbelievethatthereisastrongcausallinkbetweenhealthandeconomic

prosperity.Forexample,thoseearninghigherincomeshavemoremoneytoinvestin

humancapitalsuchasimprovingandmaintaininghealth.Thismeansthattheir

standardoflivingimprovesastheirearningpowerincreasesandtheyareableto

investinbetterdiets,improvedsanitationandbetterhealthcare.Ahealthyworkeris

lesslikelytocontractdisease,andthismeansproductivityatworkimproveswiththe

resultantopportunitytocommandhigherearnings.Aclearexampleofthelink

betweeneconomicproductivityandpoorhealthisUganda,whichissituatedinthe

eastofcentralAfrica.Recentsurveyshaveindicatedthat46%ofthepopulationis

forcedtoliveonlessthan$1.00perday.Only49%ofhouseholdsinUgandahave

accesstohealthcarefacilities.Thecurrentaveragelifeexpectancyis48yearsfrom

birth,whichisestimatedtobeabout45formalesand50.5yearsforfemales.An

assessmentoftheburdenofdiseaseinUgandain1995demonstratedthat75%oflife

yearslostasaresultofprematuredeathwereduetoentirelypreventablediseases:

perinatalandmaternalconditionsaccountedfor20%;malariafor15.4%;acutelower

respiratorytractinfections10.5%;AIDS9.1%;diarrhoea8.4%.Inaddition,38%of

underfiveyearoldsarestunted,25%areunderweightand5%wasted.Thesefactors

accountedfortheextremelyhighmortalityrateexperiencedinthisage-group.A

recentreportfromHealthcareWorldwidemakestheclearestandstrongestcase