有机光化学专业知识公开课一等奖优质课大赛微课获奖课件.pptVIP

INTRODUCTIONTOORGANICPHOTOCHEMISTRY有机光化学导论第1页第1页

FUELSFROMSOLARENERGY.ADREAMOFGIACOMOCIAMICIAN,THEFATHEROFPHOTOCHEMISTRYAutographedportraitthatGiacomoCiamician(1857–1922)presentedtostudentswhosubmittedperfectexaminationpapers.光化学研究创始人意大利G·L·恰米奇安第2页第2页

Hestronglysuggestedtoreplace“fossilsolarenergy”(i.e,coal)withtheenergythattheearthreceivesfromthesuneveryday.GiacomoCiamicianrealizedthatChemistryisa“central”sciencethatpermeatesmanyotherfieldsofknowledge,andthatcanplayanessentialroleinsolvingthefourgreatestproblemsofhumanity:food,health,energy,andenvironment.第3页第3页

SolarradiationSpectraofthesolarradiationoutsidetheEarth’satmosphere(—)andatgroundlevel(---)comparedwiththespectrumofablackbodyatT?5800K(—).ThespectraareplottedusingtheASTMStandardG173-03e1,StandardTablesforReferenceSolarSpectralIrradiances,bypermission.ThebroadminimaintheEarth’ssurfacespectrumareduetoabsorptionintheEarth’satmospherebythesubstancesindicated.Thesharplinesinbothspectraatlowerwavelengths(Fraunhoferlines)areduetoabsorptionbyperipheralsolargas.UVCradiation(belowapproximately280nm,ozonelayer)UVB(280–315nm)UVA(315–400nm)第4页第4页

humanenergyconsumptionrate.Currentpercapitarate_2300W(EU6000W,USA12000W)Itisfarfromclearhowthegapwillbefilledwhenthesourcesoffossilfuelsareexhausted,andwhetherthedemandthattheirconsumptionbestronglycurtailedtoreducetherateofglobalwarmingcanbemet.第5页第5页

Ciamicianbecameawareofthegreatpotentialofthe

utilizationofsolarenergyforchemicalpurposesduring

hisstudiesonthechemistryofgreenplants.

绿色植物通过叶绿体,利用可见光中光能,把二氧化碳和水合成为储存能量糖类（通常指葡萄糖）,并且释放出氧气过程。CO２+H２O光绿色植物(CH２O)＋O２CO２+2H２O*光绿色植物(CH２O)+O2*+H２O第6页第6页

DuringhisresearchesCiamiciannoticedthat:“organicchemistry...needs...hightemperature,inorganicacidsandverystrong