美国华裔文学.ppt

美国华裔文学汤亭亭和谭恩美新移民文学、华裔文学和华文文学新移民文学：第一代移民在海外的写作，语言可能是移居国语言，也可能是汉语。华裔文学：严格意义上的华裔文学指在移居国出生、长大、国籍为移居国的作家，使用移居国语言进行写作。华文文学指在海外的华人使用汉语的写作，包括大陆的移民写作，也包括台湾等地的华人移民写作。一般认为,汤亭亭1976年发表自传体小说《女勇士》标志着华裔作家创作进入美国文学主流的开始。第二节汤亭亭和《女勇士》汤亭亭（ＭaxineHongKingston,1940）BiographyandWritingShewasbornonOctober27,1940inStockton,California.ShewasthefirstofsixAmerican-bornchildren;herparents,TomandYingLanHong,hadhadtwochildreninChinabeforetheycametoAmerica.KingstonsfirstlanguagewasSayYup,adialectofCantonese(粤语).Shegrewupsurroundedbyotherimmigrantsfromherfathersvillage,andthestorytellingsheheardasachildinfluencedherlaterwriting.Bytheageofnine,herprogressinEnglishenabledhertowritepoemsinhernewlanguage,andthoughshewasagiftedstorytellerlikehermother,shepreferredthesolitarytaskofwriting.Anextremelybrightstudent,shewonelevenscholarshipsthatallowedhertoattendtheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley.Kingstonbeganasanengineeringmajor,butshesoonswitchedtoEnglishliterature.ShereceivedherB.A.degreein1962andherteachingcertificatein1965.In1962,shemarriedEarllKingston,anactor,andtheymovedtoHawaiiwheretheybothtaughtforthenexttenyears.TheWomanWarrior:MemoirsofaGirlhoodAmongGhosts《女勇士：一个生活在鬼中间的女孩的童年回忆》,1976MeandMomgenre.“Youmustnottellanyone…whatIamabouttotellyou”[我要给你说的事情，对谁也不许讲]ChinaMenThesecondnovel:ChinaMen(《中国佬》,1980)Thebook,steepedinhistoricdetailandsetinearlyCaliforniaandHawaii,detailsthemaleinfluencesofherlifeanddescribesthelivesofthemeninherfamilywhocametoAmerica--GoldMountain.ChinaMenincludesachronologicallistofdiscriminatorylawsregardingChineseimmigrantsandcelebratesthestrengthsandachievementsofthefirstChinesemeninAmericaaswellastheexploitationandprejudicetheyfaced.可以看作《女勇士》的续篇，《女勇士》聚焦于家族中的女性，《中国佬》则记录了家族中几代男性漂洋过海来