4morphology公开课获奖课件.pptx

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2024-10-28 发布于湖北
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4morphology公开课获奖课件.pptx

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MorphologyChapter4

MorphologyDualitymeaninglessMorpheme:thesmallestunitatthegrammaticallevel.Morphology:theinternalstructureofwordsandtherulesbywhichwordsareformed.Phonology:functionalunitsinthesoundsystemthatcandifferentiatemeaningsofwordsbutdonothaveanymeaningbythemselves.Purify=pure+ifyadj.+ify=V.amorphologicalrulemeaningfulSoundlevelGrammaticallevel

4.1morphemedogs=dog+schairman=chair+mandoes=do+esdisappointmentunhappy/ba:k/has3soundsegments;(but1morpheme)atthegrammaticallevelitcannotbeanalyzed.boy,boys,boyish,boyishness;Desire,desirable,desirability,undesirability;UngentlemanlinessantidisestablishmentarianismMorpheme:aminimalmeaningfulunitinthegrammaticalsystemofalanguage.Thisisabook.NolexicalmeaningbuthasgrammaticalmeaningCannotbeanalyzedwithoutdestroyingitsmeaning

4.2typesofmorphemes

4.2.1structurallyclassifiedFreemorpheme:onethatmayconstituteawordbyitself.AllmonomorphemicwordsareFMs.PolymorphemicwordswhichconsistswhollyofFMsarecompounds.Godfather,sunflower,paymasterBoundmorpheme:cannotoccuralone,mustappearwithatleastanothermorpheme.DogsdistemperedB+F+B

4.2.2semanticallyclassifiedPolymorphemicwords(otherthancompounds)maybedividedintorootsandaffixes.acceptanceacceptableRoot:themostimportantpartofawordthatcarriestheprincipalmeaningandcannotfurtherbeanalyzedwithouttotallossofidentity.Allwordshavearootmorpheme.Affix:lexicallydependentonrootsanddonotconveythefundamentalmeaningofwords.AllFMsareroots,butnotallrootsareFMs;allaffixesareBMs,butnotallBMsareaffixes.

PlaygroundreturnReceiveFRFRBABRBAFRFreeBoundRootaffixesFreerootmorphemes:canstandbythemselves,asblackBoundrootmorpheme:ceiveinreceive,perceive;mitinremit,permit