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DigitalFundamentalsTenthEditionFloydChapter4?2008PearsonEducation
InBooleanalgebra,avariableisasymbolusedtorepresentanaction,acondition,ordata.Asinglevariablecanonlyhaveavalueof1or0.SummaryBooleanAdditionThecomplementrepresentstheinverseofavariableandisindicatedwithanoverbar.Thus,thecomplementofAisA.Aliteralisavariableoritscomplement.AdditionisequivalenttotheORoperation.Thesumtermis1ifoneormoreiftheliteralsare1.Thesumtermiszeroonlyifeachliteralis0.ExampleDeterminethevaluesofA,B,andCthatmakethesumtermoftheexpressionA+B+C=0?SolutionEachliteralmust=0;thereforeA=1,B=0andC=1.
InBooleanalgebra,multiplicationisequivalenttotheANDoperation.Theproductofliteralsformsaproductterm.Theproducttermwillbe1onlyifalloftheliteralsare1.SummaryBooleanMultiplicationExampleWhatarethevaluesoftheA,BandCiftheproducttermofA.B.C=1?SolutionEachliteralmust=1;thereforeA=1,B=0andC=0.
SummaryCommutativeLawsIntermsoftheresult,theorderinwhichvariablesareORedmakesnodifference.Thecommutativelawsareappliedtoadditionandmultiplication.Foraddition,thecommutativelawstatesA+B=B+AIntermsoftheresult,theorderinwhichvariablesareANDedmakesnodifference.Formultiplication,thecommutativelawstatesAB=BA
SummaryAssociativeLawsWhenORingmorethantwovariables,theresultisthesameregardlessofthegroupingofthevariables.Theassociativelawsarealsoappliedtoadditionandmultiplication.Foraddition,theassociativelawstatesA+(B+C)=(A+B)+CFormultiplication,theassociativelawstatesWhenANDingmorethantwovariables,theresultisthesameregardlessofthegroupingofthevariables.A(BC)=(AB)C
SummaryDistributiveLawThedistributivelawisthefactoringlaw.Acommonvariablecanbefactoredfromanexpressionjustasinordinaryalgebra.ThatisA
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