儿科学 液体疗法 (英文).pptx

FluidTherapyreview

Ⅰfluidbalanceinchild1.Thetotalamountofbodyfluidsinchildren：Theyounger,thegreatertheproportionofwaterNeonate80%1month75%Infant70%Child65%Adult60%．

2.Thedistributionofbodyfluids：Theyounger,thevolumeofextracellularfluidmorerelativelybodyfluids：IntracellularFluidExtracellularFluid：Interstitialfluid,plasma,lymphfluid,cellsecretion血浆间质液细胞内液

ThedistributionofBodyfluidsinallages（accountedforWeight%）血5%间质40%细胞内35%间质20%间质10~15%间质25%细胞内40%血5%血5%血5%细胞内40%细胞内40~45%新生儿80%~1岁70%2~14岁65%成人55~60%4

3.Waterdemandvolume

Childrenneedalargenumberofwater,poorofRegulatoryfunction,PronetodisordersofwatermetabolismInaperiodofrapidgrowthanddevelopment,Dailyintakeofwatertoretainthe0.5%~3%forthephysicalgrowthRelativelymorewaterlossisnotdominant:about2timesofadultsFluidexchangeofthedigestivetractfasterWatermetabolismishigh：infant:Accountedforhalfofthetotalliquidvolume；Adult:comparedwith1/7Watermetabolismregulatoryfunctionofpoor:kidney,lung。5

ⅡElectrolyteComponentPediatricelectrolyteComponentofbodyfluidssimilartoadults.ExtracellularFluidNa+、Cl-、Hco3-IntracellularFluidK+、Mg??、Hpo4=proteinNeonatuscharacteristic：Afewdaysafterbirth,serumpotassium,chlorine,phosphorusandlactateHigher,Sodium,calcium,bicarbonatelowerAfewdaysafterbirth,dischargehydrogenpoor,pronetoacidosis6

ⅢbalanceandadjustmentHumoralregulationofacid-basebalance?BuffersystemNaHCO3/H2CO3=20:1Na2HPO4/NaH2PO4plasmaproteinsbuffersystemLung：DischargeoraccumulateCO2（Respiratory）Kidney：DischargehydrogenaccumulateSodium（Metabolism）regulatedHCO3-NaHCO3/H2CO3=20:1Thereis