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The Weighted Average Cost of Capital - College of …:资本加权平均成本学院….pptVIP

The Weighted Average Cost of Capital - College of …:资本加权平均成本学院….ppt

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EstimatingtheCostofCapital

TheCostofCapitalTovalueacompanyusingenterpriseDCF,wediscountfreecashflowbytheweightedaveragecostofcapital(WACC).TheWACCrepresentstheopportunitycostthatinvestorsfaceforinvestingtheirfundsinoneparticularbusinessinsteadofotherswithsimilarrisk.Initssimplestform,theweightedaveragecostofcapitalisthemarket-basedweightedaverageoftheafter-taxcostofdebtandcostofequity:Todeterminetheweightedaveragecostofcapital,wemustcalculateitsthreecomponents:(1)thecostofequity,(2)theafter-taxcostofdebt,and(3)thecompany’stargetcapitalstructure.1

SuccessfulImplementationRequiresConsistencyThemostimportantprincipleunderlyingsuccessfulimplementationofthecostofcapitalisconsistencybetweenthecomponentsofWACCandfreecashflow.Toassureconsistency,Itmustincludetheopportunitycostsfromallsourcesofcapital—debt,equity,andsoon—sincefreecashflowisavailabletoallinvestors.Itmustweighteachsecurity’srequiredreturnbyitsmarket-basedtargetweight,notbyitshistoricalbookvalue.Itmustbecomputedaftercorporatetaxes(sincefreecashflowiscalculatedinafter-taxterms).Anyfinancing-relatedtaxshieldsnotincludedinfreecashflowmustbeincorporatedintothecostofcapitalorvaluedseparately.ItmustbedenominatedinthesamecurrencyasfreecashflowItmustbedenominatedinnominaltermswhencashflowsarestatedinnominalterms2

TheCostofCapital:AnExampleSourceofcapitalDebtEquityWACCProportionoftotalcapital8.3%91.7%100.0%Costofcapital4.7%9.9%Marginaltaxrate38.2%After-taxopportunitycost2.9%9.9%Contributiontoweightedaverage0.2%9.1%9.3%TheCostofCapital:HomeDepotTheweightedaveragecostofcapitalatHomeDepotequals9.3%.Themajorityofenterprisevalueisheldbyequityholders(91.7%),whoseCAPM-basedrequiredreturnequals9.9%.Theremainingcapitalisprovidedbydebth

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