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Schistosomiasis1
800millionsliveinendemicregion200millionsinfectedMortality2,800,0002
ThreeclinicalimportantschistosomesSpeciesResidentLocationLesionoftissueDistributionS.mansonimesentericrectalveinLiver,intestineAfricaSouthAmericaS.haematobiumperivesicalvenousplexusofthebladder,uretersandkidneysthroughthehemorrhoidalplexusUrinarybladderReproductiveorgansAfricaMiddleEastS.japonicumPortal-mesentericveinLiver,intestineAsia3
Matedworm♂:1-2cm,flattenedandwhite♀:1.2-2.8cm,cylindricalanddust-color4
S.mansoniworms:themalewormcarriesthefemaleinthe“gynecophoralcanal”5
gutovarytestesinseriesoviductuterus6
7
EggMiracidium8
Hatchingofmiracidiumfromegg:water:lowosmoticpressure;temperature:hatchingisinhibitedwhentemperatureislowerthan100Corhigherthan370C;illumination:hatchingisinhibitedunderdark;9
Cercaria（尾蚴）Escapeofcercariafromsnail10
Sheddingofcercariafromsnail:water:freshwatertemperature:200C~250Cillumination:11
migratingthroughskinmigrationfromthelungtotheportalvein12
Adult→Egg→Miracidium→Sporocyst→Cercaria→Adult(successivegenerations)OncomelaniaHumans,mammaliansSkin—lymphatic(blood)vessel—heart(lung)--mesentericartery--capillaries--portalvein(copulation)--superiormesentericvenules13
PathogenesisandSymptomology1.Cercaria:cercarialdermatitis—ⅠⅣhypersensitivereactionItchyrash，erythema，transient2.Schistosomulaadults：inflammationoflungandvein,andasympyomatic14
SwimmersItchorRicePaddyItch?Swimmersitch,duckitch,orcercarialdermatitis,isashort-term,immunereactionoccurringintheskinofpeoplethathavebeeninfectedbywater-bornetrematodeparasites.Symptoms—itchy,raisedpapules,commonlyoccurwithinhoursofinfectionanddonotgenerallylastmorethanaweek.Pathogen—Mostcasesarecausedbyp
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