03 China Daily 阅读拓展 教师版-2025届高三上学期英语一轮复习专项.docx

03 China Daily 阅读拓展 教师版-2025届高三上学期英语一轮复习专项.docx

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2024.11.03ChinaDaily阅读拓展教师版

DongQi,anagriculturalexpert,wasthrilledtoreapabatchofuplandriceinaspecialexperimentalfieldintheJinzhongNationalAgriculturalHigh-TechIndustryDemonstrationZoneinShanxiprovince.

Differentfromotherricevarieties,seedsinthehigh-techzonearethedescendantsofuplandriceseedsthatwerecarriedintospacebytheShenzhouXVIcrewinMay2023andunderwentageneticmutationprocesscalledspacebreedinginsidetheTiangongspacestation.

Atotalofninecropseeds,includinguplandrice,sorghum,cornandwheat,fromthehigh-techzoneweresenttospaceformutagenesisexperiments.Theywereexposedtocosmicradiationandmicrogravityduringthemission,resultingingeneticmutations.

BackonEarth,scientistsevaluatedthesemutations,someofwhichgavetheseedspropertiesfavoredbyfarmerssuchasgreateryield,shortergrowthperiodandbetterresistancetodiseases.

TheuplandriceseedsreturnedtoEarthonOct31lastyear,aftermorethan150daysinspace,andweresenttobemultipliedatthenationalseedbreedingbaseinHainanprovince.

Spacebreedingisafundamentalmethod,similartohybridbreedingandradiationbreeding.Butforspacebreeding,theenvironmentholdsmorevalue,whichcannotbereplicatedonEarth,saidDong,aprofessoratShanxiAgriculturalUniversity.

Traditionalbreedingusuallytakeseightto10years,butspacebreedinghasthepotentialtoreducethetimebyhalf.Suchseedsdonotlookanydifferent,butundergoimportantgeneticvariationsinternally,headded.

AftertheseedsreturnedtoEarth,scientistsfoundsignificantgeneticchangesandinitiatedaseriesofexperimentsinvolvingcrossbreeding.

DatafromtheChinaMannedSpaceEngineeringOfficeshowsthatover3,000spacebreedingexperimentshavebeenconducted,resultinginmorethan240approvedmaingrainvarietiesandover400newvarietiesofvegetables,fruits,trees,grassesandflowers.

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