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好学近乎知，力行近乎仁，知耻近乎勇。——《中庸》

编译原理英文

CompilerTheory。

Compilertheoryisafundamentalsubjectincomputer

scienceandsoftwareengineering.Itdealswiththestudy

ofprinciplesandtechniquesfortranslatinghigh-level

programminglanguagesintomachinecodeorlower-level

languages.Thisprocessisessentialfortheexecutionof

computerprogramsandisacrucialaspectofmodern

softwaredevelopment.

Themaingoalofcompilertheoryistounderstandand

developmethodsfortransformingsourcecodewrittenina

high-levellanguage,suchasC++orJava,intoexecutable

codethatcanberunonacomputer.Thisinvolvesseveral

importantstages,includinglexicalanalysis,syntax

analysis,semanticanalysis,codegeneration,and

optimization.

Lexicalanalysis,alsoknownasscanning,isthefirst

好学近乎知，力行近乎仁，知耻近乎勇。——《中庸》

phaseofthecompilationprocess.Itinvolvesbreakingthe

sourcecodeintotokens,whicharethesmallestunitsof

meaninginaprogramminglanguage.Thesetokenscaninclude

keywords,identifiers,operators,andpunctuationsymbols.

Thepurposeoflexicalanalysisistoidentifyand

categorizethesetokensforfurtherprocessing.

Syntaxanalysis,orparsing,isthesecondphaseof

compilation.Itinvolvesanalyzingthestructureofthe

sourcecodetoensurethatitconformstotherulesofthe

programminglanguagesgrammar.Thisphaseusesformal

grammarrulestobuildaparsetreethatrepresentsthe

syntacticstructureoftheprogram.Ifthesourcecode

containssyntaxerrors,theparserwillreportthemtothe

programme