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Chapter7
MicrobialGrowthandGrowthcontrol7.1OverviewofCellGrowth7.2PopulationGrowth7.3MeasurementofGrowth7.4ContinuousCulture:TheChemostat7.5EffectofEnvironmentonGrowth7.6GrowthControl7.7ViralControl7.8FungalControl第1页
7.1OverviewofmicrobialgrowthThebacterialcellisasyntheticmachinethatisabletoduplicateitself.Thesyntheticprocessesofbacterialcellgrowthinvolveasmanyas2023chemicalreactionsofawidevarietyoftypes.Someofthesereactionsinvolveenergytransformations.Otherreactionsinvolvebiosynthesisofsmallmolecules-thebuilding,blocksofmacromolecules-aswellasthevariouscofactorsandcoenzymesneededforenzymaticreactions.第2页
BinaryFission第3页
6–1.MicrobialNutritionNutrientrequirementsNutritionaltypesofmicroorganismsUptakeofNutrientsbytheCellCultureMediumIsolationofPureCultures第4页
Microorganismsrequireabouttenelementsinlargequantities,becausetheyareusedtoconstructcarbohydrates,lipids,proteins,andnucleicacids.Severalotherelementsareneededinverysmallamountsandarepartsofenzymesandcofactors.Concepts:Nutrientrequirements第5页
Macronutrients95%ormoreofcelldryweightismadeupofafewmajorelements:carbon,oxygen,hydrogen,nitrogen,sulfur,phosphorus,potassium,calcium,magnesiumandiron.Thefirstsix(C,H,O,N,PandS)arecomponentsofcarbonhadrates,lipids,proteinsandnucleicacids第6页
TraceElementsMicrobesrequireverysmallamountsofothermineralelements,suchasiron,copper,molybdenum,andzinc;thesearereferredtoastraceelements.Mostareessentialforactivityofcertainenzymes,usuallyascofactors.第7页
GrowthFactorsAminoacidsareneededforproteinsynthesis,purinesandpyrimidinesfornucleicacidsynthesis.Vitaminsaresmallorganicmoleculesthatusuallymakeupallorpartenzymecofactors,andonlyverysmallamountsarerequiredforgrowth.(1)aminoacids,(2)purinesandpyrimi
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