狂犬病病毒王利沙Rabiesvirus讲解.pptx

狂犬病病毒主讲老师：王利沙RabiesvirusWeifangNursingVocationalCollege潍坊护理职业学院

狂犬病病毒Rabiesvirus狂犬病病毒是一种嗜神经性病毒，主要侵犯中枢神经系统，为人和动物狂犬病的病原体。Rabiesvirusisaneurotropicvirusthatmainlyinvadesthecentralnervoussystemandisthepathogenofhumanandanimalrabies.人畜共患的自然疫源性疾病，尚无有效治疗方法，一旦发病，死亡率近乎100%。Thereisnoeffectivetreatmentforzoonoticnaturalinfectiousdiseases,andoncetheyoccur,themortalityrateisalmost100%.

01生物学性状Biologicaltraits

生物学性状Biologicaltraits形态与结构Morphologicalstructure呈子弹状Bulletshaped核心为单负链RNAThecoreissinglenegativestrandedRNA螺旋对称排列的蛋白质衣壳Spiralsymmetricarrangementofproteincapsids包膜：有糖蛋白刺突Envelope:withglycoproteinspikes病毒的宿主范围较广泛Thehostrangeofthevirusisrelativelywide

生物学性状Biologicaltraits形态与结构Morphologicalstructure内基小体：指狂犬病毒有嗜神经细胞性，在易感动物或人的中枢神经细胞内，特别是大脑海马回锥体细胞中增殖，可在胞浆内形成圆形或椭圆形的嗜酸性包涵体。Endoplasmicvesicle:Referstotheeosinophilicnatureofrabiesvirus,whichproliferatesinthecentralnervoussystemcellsofsusceptibleanimalsorhumans,especiallyinthepyramidalcellsofthehippocampus,andcanformroundorovaleosinophilicinclusionsinthecytoplasm.狂犬病的辅助诊断指标。Auxiliarydiagnosticindicatorsforrabies.

生物学性状Biologicaltraits抵抗力Resistanceability病毒抵抗力不强Weakvirusresistance.对热敏感，60℃30分钟即可灭活。Sensitivetoheat,itcanbeinactivatedwithin30minutesat60℃.

生物学性状Biologicaltraits抵抗力Resistanceability脑组织内的病毒，于室温或4℃条件下其传染性可保持1-2周。Virusesinbraintissuecanmaintaintheirinfectivityfor1-2weeksatroomtemperatureor4℃.易被强酸、强碱、乙醇、乙醚、碘、甲醛、肥皂水等灭活。Easytobeinactivatedbystrongacids,strongbases,ethanol,ether,iodine,formaldehyde,soapywater,etc.

02致病性与免疫性PathogenicityandImmunology

致病性与免疫性PathogenicityandImmunology传染源：病犬是其主要传染源，其次是猫和狼。Infectioussource:Infecteddogsarethemainsourceofinfection,followedbycatsandwolves.传播途径：被患病动物咬伤所致。Transmissionroute:Causedbybitesfromdiseasedanimals

致病性与免疫性PathogenicityandImmunology潜伏期：一般为1～3月，潜伏期的长短主要取决于咬伤部位距头部距