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****化疗：环磷酰胺、卡铂放疗：电离辐射**Thestandardtreatmentsforthemanagementofcancer-relatedanaemiaaretransfusionsofpackedredbloodcellsanderythropoieticagents.Traditionally,bloodtransfusionshavebeenusedtotreatanaemia.DietarysupplementationwithvitaminsorironhavealsobeenusedtoimproveHblevels.However,erythropoieticproteinsaretakinganevermoreimportantroleinthepreventionandtreatmentofcancer-relatedanaemia.Duetotheassociatedimmediaterelief,bloodtransfusionisoftenusedincasesofsevereandsymptomaticanaemia,whenHblevelsfallbelow8g/dl.1Generally,patientswithmild-to-moderateanaemiadonotreceivetransfusions.21. EstrinJT,SchocketL,KregenowR,HenryDH.Aretrospectivereviewofbloodtransfusionsincancerpatientswithanemia.Oncologist1999;4:318–324.GroopmanJE,ItriLM.Chemotherapy-inducedanemiainadults:incidenceandtreatment.JNatlCancerInst1999;91:1616–1634.**LudwigH,RaiK,BladeJ,DammaccoF,DegosL,ItriL,KyleR,LisoV,LittlewoodTJ,MandelliF,MeloniG,MolicaS,OsterborgA,PangalisGA,SanMiguelJ,SchmittB,VoliotisD.Managementofdisease-relatedanemiainpatientswithmultiplemyelomaorchroniclymphocyticleukemia:epoetintreatmentrecommendations.HematolJ2002;3:121–130.RizzoJD,LichtinAE,WoolfSH,SeidenfeldJ,BennettCL,CellaD,DjulbegovicB,GoodeMJ,JakubowskiAA,LeeSJ,MillerCB,RarickMU,ReganDH,BrowmanGP,GordonMS;AmericanSocietyofClinicalOncology.AmericanSocietyofHematology.Useofepoetininpatientswithcancer:evidence-basedclinicalpracticeguidelinesoftheAmericanSocietyofClinicalOncologyandtheAmericanSocietyofHematology.JClinOncol2002;20:4083–4107.LudwigH,FritzE,KotzmannH,HockerP,GisslingerH,BarnasU.Erythropoietintreatmentofanemiaassociatedwithmultiplemyeloma.NEnglJMed1990;322:1693–1699.**III期临床研究—036037研究:择泰?(唑来膦酸)与帕米膦酸二钠治疗恶
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