高一英语初高中衔接专题八宾语从句考点集汇讲解和训练.doc

专题八：宾语从句考点集汇，讲解和训练

一.宾语从句的种类

宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。

1.由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语

和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：

Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.

Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.

Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.

2.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：

Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfoe?

Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.

CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?

Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.

3.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：

Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.

Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.

二.宾语从句的语序

宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：

Ihear(that)physicsisn’teasy.

Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.

CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?

Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.

三.宾语从句的时态

1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。例如：

Idon’tthink(that)youareright.

Pleasetelluswhereheis.

CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?

2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：

Heaskedwhattimeitwas.

Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.

HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.

HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.

3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：

OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.

Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.

【演练】

1.Doyouknow_______duringtheingsummerholiday?

A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdidTomdo

C.whatTomwilldoD.whatTomdid

2.Iwanttoknow_________.

A.whatishisnameB.what’shisname

C.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis

3.Doyouknow________Icouldpasstheexam?

A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.which

4.Jimdoesn’tunderstand____________.

A.whichisthewaytothemuseum

B.whyhiswifealwaysgoesshopping

C.whatisthewaytothemuseum

D.whydoesshealwaysgoshopping

5.Couldyoutellme______sheislooki