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ElectricalServicesFundamentals(ENG3427)TopicArea4-4PolarFormofComplexNumber
ElectricalServicesFundamentals(ENG3427)?
1. Thepolarformofa
complexnumber
ElectricalServicesFundamentals(ENG3427) LetacomplexnumberZ,incartesianform,bex+jy.ThisisshownintheArganddiagramofFig.1(a). LetrbethedistanceOZand?theangleOZmakeswiththepositiverealaxis.
ElectricalServicesFundamentals(ENG3427)Fig.1(a)
ElectricalServicesFundamentals(ENG3427)Fromtrigonometry, cos?=;i.e.x=rcos?and sin?=;i.e.y=rsin?Z=x+jy=rcos?+jrsin?i.e. Z=r(cos?+jsin?)
ElectricalServicesFundamentals(ENG3427) ThislatterformisusuallyabbreviatedtoZ=r??,andiscalledthepolarformofacomplexnumber. Thecomplexnumberisnowspecifiedintermsofrand?insteadofxandy.
ElectricalServicesFundamentals(ENG3427)Fig.1(a)
ElectricalServicesFundamentals(ENG3427) riscalledthemodulus(ormagnitude)ofZandiswrittenasmodZor. risdeterminedfromPythagorasstheoremontriangleOAZ,? i.e. =r=?(x2+y2) ThemodulusisrepresentedontheArganddiagrambythedistanceOZ.
ElectricalServicesFundamentals(ENG3427) ?iscalledtheargument(oramplitude)ofZandiswrittenasargZ. ?isalsodeducedfromtriangleOAZ,giving argZ=?=
ElectricalServicesFundamentals(ENG3427)Fig.1(a)
ElectricalServicesFundamentals(ENG3427) InFig.1(a)theArgandpointZisshowninthefirstquadrant. However,theaboveresultsapplytoanypointintheArganddiagram. Byconvention,theprincipalvalueof?isused,i.e.thenumericallyleastvaluesuchthat?
ElectricalServicesFundamentals(ENG3427)Fig.1(b)
ElectricalServicesFundamentals(ENG3427) Forexample,inFig.1(b), ?==53o8? Hence ?=180o?53o8=126o52? Therefore ?3+j4=5?126o52
ElectricalServicesFundamentals(ENG3427)Fi
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