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RSPILLOVERSFROMMIGRATIONAND
EJOURNEYSANDJUNCTIONS:SPILLOVERS
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PREFUGEEPOLICIES
AFROMMIGRATIONANDREFUGEEPOLICIES–
H
COnlineAnnex
3ONLINEANNEXES
OnlineAnnexes3.1–3.5providethedefinitions,datasources,methodology,additionalresults,androbustnessteststo
complementthediscussioninthemaintext.
OnlineAnnex3.1.DefinitionsandStylizedFacts
Thisonlineannexprovidesthedefinitionsandcharacteristicsoftheflowsandpoliciescoveredin
thechapter.1
MigrationandRefugeeDefinitions
Thechapterfocusesontwocategoriesofregular(authorized)cross-borderhumanmobility:
migrantsandrefugees.2
Migrantisabroadterm,notdefinedininternationallaw,oftenreflectingthecommonunderstanding
ofapersonwhomovesawayfromtheirusualresidencetemporarilyorpermanently,andfora
varietyofreasons.Inthestatisticalcontext,theUnitedNationsDepartmentofEconomicandSocial
Affairs(UNDESA)definesinternationalmigrantsasanypersonwhochangeshisorhercountryof
usualresidence.Forthepurposesofthischapter,unlessotherwisenoted,thetermmigrantisused
torefertointernationalmigrantsinlinewiththeUNDESAdefinitionandaredistinguishablefrom
refugees.Assuch,migrantsaredefinedaspeoplewhochoosetomoveacrossinternationalborders
notbecauseofadirectthreatofpersecution,seriousharm,ordeath,butexclusivelyforother
reasons.Theotherreasonsmaybevoluntaryand/oreconomicinnaturesuchastoimprovetheir
conditionsbypursuingwork(sometimesreferredtoaslabormigrants)oreducationop
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