计算机网络专业英语 课件 Lesson 5 Internet of Things and Electronic Commerce.pptx

L5-1

Lesson5InternetofThingsandElectronicCommerceText1InternetofThings

要点KeyPoints：IoT、M2M、CPSThing/item/objectAutonomous/automaticEmbedded/built-inSensor/actuatorIn……senseVarious/inavariety

TheInternetofThings(IoT)isthenetworkofphysicalobjects,suchasdevices,vehicles,buildingsandotheritemswhichareembeddedwithelectronics,software,sensors,andnetworkconnectivity,whichenablestheseobjectstocollectandexchangedata.TheInternetofThingsallowsobjectstobesensedandcontrolledremotelyacrossexistingnetworkinfrastructure,creatingopportunitiesformore-directintegrationbetweenthephysicalworldandcomputer-basedsystems,andresultinginimprovedefficiency,accuracyandeconomicbenefit.WhenIoTisaugmentedwithsensorsandactuators,thetechnologybecomesaninstanceofthemoregeneralclassofcyber-physicalsystems(CPS),whichalsoencompassestechnologiessuchassmartgrids,smarthomes,intelligenttransportationandsmartcities.EachthingisuniquelyidentifiablethroughitsembeddedcomputingsystembutisabletointeroperatewithintheexistingInternetinfrastructure.ExpertsestimatethattheIoTwillconsistofalmost50billionobjectsby2020.物联网，又称传感网，指的是将各种信息传感设备，如射频识别装置、红外感应器、全球定位系统、激光扫描器等种种装置与互联网结合起来而形成的一个巨大网络，其目的是让所有的物与物都通过网络连接在一起，方便识别和管理。thing、item和object都是用于泛指的词，类似于事物、东西、事项（item）等，可以是抽象逻辑（logical）上的，也可以是具体物理上（physical）的。Anobjectisaphysicalitem.Itmeanssomethingyoucantouch.Ashirtisanobject,butanideaisnotanobject.Athingcanbeanything.Aphysicalobject,anidea,asituation.

BritishentrepreneurKevinAshtonfirstcoinedthetermin1999whileworkingatAuto-IDLabs(originallycalledAuto-IDcenters)，referringtoaglobalnetworkofRadio-frequencyidentification(RFID)connectedobjects.Typically,IoTisexpectedtoofferadvancedconnectivityofdevices,systems,andservicesthatgoesbeyondmachine-to-machinecommunications(M2M)andcoversavariet