作业37　四选一阅读＋完形填空＋语法填空 .docx

作业37四选一阅读＋完形填空＋语法填空

(分值：40分)

Ⅰ.四选一阅读(每小题2.5分，满分10分)

(2024·河北邯郸三模)

Whydochildrenlearnsoquickly?Isitsimplyanecessity，orisachild’sbrainmorecapableoftakinginnewinformationthananadult’sbrain?

“Itisacommonwayofthinkingthat‘childrenarelikesponges’andhavethemagicalabilitytolearnnewskillsfasterthananadult，buttherearesomemisconceptionshere，”saidDebbieRaven，aresearcherattheUniversityofChester.“Achild’scognitive(认知的)developmentisage-relatedand，naturally，childrenperformworsethantheirolderpeersinmostareas.However，therearetimeswhenbeingyoungbringsanadvantage，andthisisespeciallytruearoundtheirearliestyears.”

Thisadvantageislargelyduetoneuroplasticity，meaningthebrain’sabilitytoformandchangeitsconnections，pathwaysandwiringbasedonexperiences.Neuroplasticityiswhatgiveschildrenthecapacitytolearn—and，ifnecessary，unlearn—habits，routines，approachesandactionsveryquickly.Thisabilityismostconstantandrapidbeforeachild’sfifthbirthday，whenmuchofwhattheyencounterorexperienceisnovel.“Thisabilitytolearnquicklyisconnectedtoseveralareas，includingplasticity，theirexperienceswithadults，theirenvironment，andtheirbiologicaldrivetoexplore，”Ravensaid.“Childhoodisaplacewherechildrenspendtheirtimecatchingupwithadults’moresophisticatedabilities.”

Languagelearning，inparticular，isanareawherechildrenoftenhaveahugeadvantageoveradults.Thisislargelybecausebabiesareabletotuneintotherhythmandsoundsusedintheirnativelanguage，andcanthereforebecomefluentspeakersbytheageoffour.“Thisabilitycanhelpyoungchildrenlearnasecondorthirdlanguagewithapparentease，”Ravensaid.

Inaresearchpaper，theauthorssuggestthat“humanbabiesarebornseeingandhearinglinguisticinformationthatolderchildrenandadultsmiss，althoughtheylosethisabilitywithmoreexperienceintheirenvironments”．Moreove