文稿分析健康类.pdfVIP

NobelPrizeforanti-parasitedrug

discoveries

TheNobelPrizeforphysiologyormedicinehasbeensplittwowaysfor

groundbreakingworkonparasiticdiseases.

WilliamCCampbellandSatoshiŌmurafoundanewwayoftacklinginfections

causedbyroundwormparasites.

YouyouTusharestheprizeforherdiscoveryofatherapyagainstmalaria.

TheNobelcommitteesaidtheworkhadchangedthelivesofhundredsof

millionsofpeopleaffectedbythesediseases.

Themosquito-bornediseasemalariakillsmorethan450,000peopleeachyear

aroundtheworld,withbillionsmoreatriskofcatchingtheinfection.

Parasiticwormsaffectathirdoftheworldspopulationandcauseanumberof

illnesses,includingriverblindnessandlymphaticfilariasis.

Deadlyparasites

Afterdecadesoflimitedprogress,thediscoveryofthetwonewdrugs-

ivermectinforriverblindnessandlymphaticfilariasis,andartemisininfor

malaria-wasagame-changer.

Effortstoeradicatemalariahadbeenfailing-olderdrugswerelosingtheir

potency-andthediseasewasontherise.

ProfYouyouTu,whointhe1960shadrecentlygraduatedfromthePharmacy

DepartmentatBeijingMedicalUniversity,lookedtotraditionalherbalmedicine

tofindapotentialtherapy.

ShetookanextractfromtheplantcalledArtemisiaannua,orsweetwormwood,

andbegantestingitonmalariaparasites.

Thecomponent,latercalledartemisinin,washighlyeffectiveatkillingthem.

Today,thedrugisusedaroundtheworldincombinationwithothermalaria

medicines.InAfricaalone,thisissavingmorethan100,000liveseveryyear.

Tuisthe13thwomantowinthisNobelPrize.

Shesharestheawardwithtwomenwhofoundatreatmentforanother

parasite-roundworm.

Theirresearchledtothedevelopmentofadrugcalledivermectin,w