2026届高考英语人教版(2019)大一轮复习UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION.docxVIP

2026届高考英语人教版(2019)大一轮复习UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION.docx

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第PAGE10页

UNIT4SPACEEXPLORATION

Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共27.5分)

A

Duringspacemissions,astronautscanexperiencealossofsomeoftheinnerstructuralsupportintheirbones.Fortripsinspacelastingatleastsixmonths,thatlossisequaltoabout20yearsofaging.Luckily,anewstudyfindsayearbackonEarthrebuildshalfofthestrengthlostintheaffectedbones.

ExercisescientistLeighGabelwaspartofateamthattracked17astronauts,eachofwhomhadspentfourtosevenmonthsinspace.Theteammeasuredthe3-Dstructureofbones.Theyfocusedonthestructureofthetibia(胫骨)andthelower-armbone.Theresearcherstookimagesofthebones3times—beforespaceflightandagainsixmonthsandoneyearlaterwhentheastronautsreturnedhomefromspace.Fromthesepictures,Gabel’steamcalculatedanastronaut’sbonestrengthanddensity(密度)ateachofthosetimes.

Whatdidtheyfindthroughcomparisonofthepictures?AstronautsinspaceforlessthansixmonthsregainedtheirpreflightbonestrengthafterayearbackonEarth.Butthosewhostayedinspacelongersufferedpermanentbonelossintheirtibias.Thatlosswasequaltoadecadeofaging.Thelower-armbonesshowedalmostnoloss.Thatwaslikelybecausethesearen’tweight-bearingbonesonEarth,Gabelexplains.Infact,thosearmscangetabiggerworkoutinspacethanonEarthasastronautsusethemtomovearoundtheircraftbypushingoffhandlesanddoors.

“Increasingweight-liftingexercisesinspacecouldhelpalleviate(缓解)bonelossinthelegs,”saysStevenBoyd,alsoanexercisescientist.

“Withlongerspaceflights,wecanexpectbiggerboneloss—andprobablyabiggerproblemwithrecovery,”saysphysiologistLaurenceVico.“Spaceagenciesshouldalsoconsiderotherbonehealthmeasures,suchasnutrition,toreducebonelossandincreaseboneformation.”

()1.WhydidGabel’steamtakepicturesatdifferenttimes?

[A]Toofferevidencefortheirpredictions.

[B]Toshowtheirres

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