《制冷专业英语》课件——Unit8 The Reciprocating Compressor.pptxVIP

SectionThree

Unit7:HeatExchangerUnit8:TheReciprocatingCompressorUnit9:LiquidPump

Unit8:TheReciprocatingCompressorNewWordsExpressionsTextNotestotheTextExercise

NewWordsExpressionscompressorn.压缩物,压缩机extremelyadv.极端地,非常地psi=poundspersquareinch磅/平方英寸pistonn.[机]活塞cylindern.圆筒,圆柱体,汽缸,柱面intaken.水管、煤气管等的)入口,进口,通风口exhaustn.排气,排气装置valven.阀crank-shaftn.曲柄轴；曲轴single-stageadj.单级的，单段的

NewWordsExpressions包括一切的，全面的，从头到尾的multistageadj.多级的double-actingadj.双动的actuatevt.开动,促使isentropicadj.等熵的thermodynamicadj.热力学的,使用热动力的frictionn.摩擦,摩擦力inefficiencyn.无效率,无能over-alladj.

Text往复式压缩机能提供几磅压强的气体或压力极高（达35，000磅∕英寸）的气体。往复式压缩机的典型特征是和往复泵一样的，它们都具有活塞、气缸（气缸具有合适的进气阀和排气阀）和驱动曲柄轴（如图）。压缩机由一个或多个这些元件组成。单个或几组元件并行则构成单级压缩机。Thereciprocatingcompressorcanfurnishgasatpressuresofafewpoundsoratextremelyhighpressures,suchas35,000psi.1Thecharacteristicfeaturesofreciprocatingcompressorsarethesameasthoseofreciprocatingpumps─apiston,acylinderwithsuitableintakeandexhaustvalves,andacrank-shaftwithdrive(Fig8-1).Everycompressorismadeupofoneormorebasicelements.Asingleelement,oragroupofelementsinparallel,comprisesasingle-stagecompressor.

Text许多的压缩问题，超出了单级压缩的范围。因为压缩比过大，会导致排气温度过高，或者会引起其它设计问题。因此，就必须使多组元件串联成多级压缩，它的压缩过程由二步或多步来完成。常见的是单段操作或多段操作，并且一般采用双作用气缸。Manycompressionproblemsinvolveconditionsbeyondthepracticalcapabilityofasinglecompressionstage.Toogreatacompressionratiomaycauseexcessivedischargetemperatureorotherdesignproblems.Itthereforemaybecomenecessarytocombineelementsorgroupsofelementsinseriestoformamultistageunit,inwhichtherewillbetwoormorestepsofcompression.Single-stageormultistageoperationiscommon,withdouble-actingcylinderusagebeinggeneral.2

Text被压缩的气体通过阀门进出气缸，而这些阀门被设定成在气缸内外压差达到期望值才动作。当气缸内的压力稍低于进气压力时，进气阀打开；当气缸内的压力稍高于进气压力时，排气阀打开。如果采用多段压缩，一般实践是在各段之间对气体进行冷却。Gasbeingcompressedentersandleavesthecylinder