信号在时频域中归一化方法与不确定性原理证明.pdfVIP

Howtonormaliseasignalinfrequencyandintime

Foragivensignal,s(t),thesignal’smeantimeandmeanfrequencyaregivenby

1∞2

t=Ets(t)dt

−∞

∞

1

ω=2

2πEωS(ω)dω

−∞

wheretheenergy,orpower,maybecalculatedineitherthetimeorthefrequency

domain.Itisgivenby

2∞21∞2

E=s(t)=s(t)dt=2πS(ω)dω

−∞−∞

Themeanfrequencyandmeantimedescribethesignal’sgravitationalcentresinthe

timeandfrequencydomains.

Onequestiontoaskis:Givenasignals(t),canonefindasignalwiththesameenergy

butnormalisedsuchthatthemeanfrequencyandthemeantimeofthesignalareboth

setto0?Theanswerisyes,andweshallshowit.Wewillthenusethispropertylater

togiveamorecompleteproofoftheUncertaintyPrinciplethantheonepresentedin

thetextbook.

Thatis,forasignalswithenergyE,meantimet,meanfrequencyω,time

durationΔtandfrequencybandwidthΔω,wewanttofindafunctionr(t)and

correspondingtransformR(ω),whererf(s)suchthatEr=E,t=0,ω=0,