古代文明如何应对时间与挑战.pdfVIP

challengen.

ancientadj.古代的

civilizationn.文明

calendarn.n.日历；历法

OneofthechallengesthatfacedancientcivilizationslikeEgyptwastimekeeping,

calendars.

financialadj.的，财务的

obliionn.义务，责任

rentn.租赁

taxn.税

trackn.，记录

Andwhenyoustarthavingfinancialobliions,rents,taxes,youhavetokeeptrack

ofhowoftenyoupay.

address

SotodaywewilllookathowtheEgyptiansaddressedtheseproblems.

revolvev.循环，旋转

Egyptianlifebasicallyrevolvedaroundthemysteriousriseandfalloftheriver.

valley

essentiallyadv.根本上，基本上

submergev.淹没

Thefirstseasonwastheflooding,orinundation,whentheNilevalleywas

essentiallysubmergedinwaterforafewmonthsorso.

reveal

fertileadj.肥沃的

Andafterwardsduringtheseasonofsubsidence,thewaterwouldsubside,orrecede,

revealinganewlayeroffertileblacksiltandallowingforthentingofvarious

crops.

occurv.发生，出现

ItwasimportanttotheancientEgyptianstoknowwhentheirNilebasedseasonswould

occur.

regularadj.规律的

predictableadj.可预测的

cyclen.循环，周期

Thewaytheyusedtocounttimewasbasedonthephasesofthemoon,which,regularly

andpredictably,goesthroughacycle.

lunaradj.月的，月球的；阴历的

OnelunarcyclewasoneEgyptianmonth.

constitutev.组成，构成

Aboutfourofthemonthswouldconstituteaseason.

complicatedadj.复杂的

Ithadtobemorecomplicatedthanthat.

average

actuallyadv.实际上

Theaverageamountoftimeweenfloodingswasntactually354days.

Challengen.古代adj.古代的文明n.文明日历n.名词日历；历法像埃及这样的古代文

明的之一是计时和日历。Financialadj.的，财务的义务n.义务，责任租

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