自动化冲击下职业变迁与转型机遇.pdfVIP

)hardesthitbycomputation(计算机自动化).Wordprocessors(处理

器)andtypists(打字员)willloseabout93,000jobsoverthenextfewyears,while57,000secretarial(的)jobs

willvanish().Blame(责备)thePC:Today,manyexecutives(主管)type(打字)theirownmemos(备忘录)and

Passage1

carrytheir―secretaries(秘书)‖inthepalms(手掌)oftheirhands.Timeisalsohardforstock(存货;)clerks(职

Officejobsareamongthepotions(职位

员),whoseranks(职衔,地位)areexpectedto(预期)decrease(减少)by68,000.Andemployeesin

manufacturing(制造)firms(公司)andwhoalers(批发商)arebeingreced(代替)withcomputerizedsystems.

Butnoteveryonewholosesajobwillendup(结束)intheunemployment(失业)line.Manywillshiftto(转移

到)growingpositionswithintheirowncompanies.Whennewtechnologiesshookup(使)thetelecomm(电信)

business,telephoneoperatorJudyDoughertypursued(追求)retraining(再教育).Sheisnowacommunications(通讯)

technician,earningabout$64,000peryear.Ofcourse,ifyou’vebeenatollbooth(过路亭)collectorforthe

past30years,andyoufindyourselfreced(代替)byanE-ZPassmachine,itmaybeoflittleconsolation(安慰)

toknowthatthetelecommfieldisbooming(繁荣，迅速发展).

Andthat’sjustit:Theserviceeconomyisfading(退色);welcometotheexpertise(专门知识)economy.To

succeedinthenewjobmarket,youmustbeabletohandle(处理)complex(复杂的)problems.Indeed(的确),allbut

oneofthe50highest-payingoccupations(职业)—air-trafficcontroller—