欧洲疾控中心-人畜共患流感-2023年年度流行病学报告（英）-2025.pdfVIP

ECDCNORMAL

SURVEILLANCEREPORT

Zoonoticinfluenza

AnnualEpidemiologicalReportfor2023

Keyfacts

•SporadichumaninfectionswithavianinfluenzavirussubtypesA(H3N8),A(H5N1),A(H5N6),A(H9N2),

A(H10N5)werereportedgloballybyfourcountriesfor2023.

•HumaninfectionswithinfluenzaA(H1N1)variant(v),A(H1N2)vandA(H3Nx)vvirusesofswineorigin

werereportedbyeightcountriesgloballyfor2023.

•NohumancasesofinfectionwithavianinfluenzaviruseswerereportedintheEU/EEAin2023.Human

infectionswithinfluenzavariantvirusofswineoriginhavesporadicallybeenreportedinEU/EEA,

includinginfluenzaA(H1N1)vvirusintheNetherlandsandSpainin2023.

•Consideringthewidespreadtransmissionofzoonoticinfluenzavirusesinanimalpopulations,reported

transmissiontohumanswithzoonoticinfluenzavirusesremainsinfrequent.

Introduction

Animalinfluenzavirusesthatusuallycirculateinanimalspeciescan,inrareoccasions,transmittohumansand

causezoonoticinfluenzavirusinfections.InEurope,therehasbeenwidespreadtransmissionofhighlypathogenic

avianinfluenza(HPAI)A(H5N1)inwildbirdssince2020,causingoutbreaksinpoultryestablishments.Sincelate

2022,HPAIA(H5N1)hasalsobeendetectedmorefrequentlyinmammalssuchaswildcarnivores,marine

mammals,furfarmanimals,andpets[1].Mosthumaninfectionswithzoonoticinfluenzavirusesarecausedby

avianinfluenzavirusesthatcirculateinwildbirdsandspillovertofarmedpoultryorswineinfluenzavirusesthat

arepresentinpigpopulations.Infectionsaretypicallyrelatedtodirectcontactwithinfectedanimalsor

contaminatedenvironments.Infectionscanresultinasymptomatic,mildorseveredisease,causingsymptoms

whichrangefromfever,conjunctivitisandcoughtoseverepneumonia,butc