从外部因素探析苔丝悲剧命运之成因分析研究 应用心理学专业.docVIP

从外部因素探析苔丝悲剧命运之成因

摘要

《德伯家的苔丝》是19世纪英国悲剧作家托马斯·哈代小说中的典范，奠定了哈代悲剧作家的地位。自1891年出版以来，深受读者喜爱，吸引着一批又一批学者的关注和研究。国内外学者曾用不同的理论对小说做出了大量的阐述。其中大部分批评和阐释都是集中在同一个目标上，即苔丝悲惨命运的根源。（DuShu,2009）本文试图从外部因素即主人公苔丝生存的特定社会背景、家庭环境、宗教信仰、作者的宿命观等角度对苔丝的悲剧进行解读。望以此丰富和发展对哈代小说《德伯家的苔丝》的研究。

关键词：苔丝；外部因素；悲剧

Abstract

Asknowntoall,TessoftheDUrbervillesisoneofthemostoutstandingnovelswrittenbyThomasHardyinthe19th.ItholdsthepositionofHardystragicwriter.EversinceTessoftheDUrbervilleshasbeenpublished,manydomesticandforeignscholarshavebeenattractedbytheauthorsuniquepointofview.Theyhavemadealotofcriticismsandinterpretationstothenovelbyusingdifferenttheories.Mostcriticismsandinterpretationsareconcentratedinthesametarget.ThatistherootofTessstragicfate.Basedontheexternalfactorsspecificsocialbackground,familyenvironment,religiousbeliefs,thefatalismofHardy,thisthesisaimstoanalyzethecausesofTessstragedy.HopetogetmoreresultsofthecausesofTessstragedy.

Keywords:Tess;externalfactor;tragedy

ContentsTOC\o1-3\h\z\u

TOC\o1-3\h\z\u

Abstract II

1. Introduction 1

1.1Anoutstandingnovelist-ThomasHardy 1

1.2TheinfluenceofexternalfactorsonTess’stragiclife 2

2.TheanalysisofTess’stragiclifefromexternalfactors 3

2.1Economicenvironment 3

2.2Moralityandreligion 4

2.3Miserablefamilystatus 5

2.4ThefatalismofHardy 7

2.5Thecomparisonoffamilypressureandsocialenvironment 8

3. TherelationbetweenexternalfactorsandinternalfactorsonTess’stragiclife 9

4 Conclusion 10

Bibliography 12

Acknowledgements 13

Introduction

1.1Anoutstandingnovelist-ThomasHardy

ThomasHardy,thefamousEnglishnovelistattheturnofthe19thcentury,wasbornin1840inasmalltowninDorset,insouthwesternEngland,whichprovidesthesettingformostofHardy’snovelsandstories.(ZhuYan，2001)Asanovelistacrosstwoc