父母教养方式对幼儿社会性发展的影响 (2).docxVIP

摘要

父母教养方式贯穿着幼儿生长发育的全部过程，幼儿的社会性发展与其家庭环境，父母的教养息息相关。“高要求，高反应”是权威型的显著特点，是一种理性民主的教养方式。忽视型是“低要求，低反应”,父母在幼儿的成长过程中只给予幼儿基本的衣食，不关心幼儿的身心发展。专制型是“高要求，低反应”,父母要求幼儿的生活和学习按照大人规划好的路线走，孩子只有绝对服从。溺爱型是“低要求，高反应”,父母尽自己所能给幼儿提供最好的生活条件，满足幼儿的所有要求。父母教养方式影响幼儿的社会行为，社会情感和社会认知的发展。父母在促进幼儿社会性发展的过程中为幼儿营造良好的家庭氛围、采取科学合理的教养方式、尊重幼儿的自尊心和自信心、针对幼儿的身心发展规律特点及时调整和改善教养方式。

关键词：父母教养方式；幼儿社会化；社会道德规范

Abstract

Thefamilyisthefirstplaceofsocializationofearlychildhoodformationanddevelopment,andalsotheprimaryperformerandbasic

executorofsocialization.Highdemand,highresponseisa

prominentcharacteristicofauthoritativetype,andisakindof

rationalanddemocraticupbringing.Neglectislowdemand,low

response,parentsinthegrowthofyoungchildrenonlytogive

childrenbasicfoodandclothing,donotcareaboutthephysicalandmentaldevelopmentofchildren.Autocratictypeishighdemand,lowresponse,parentsrequirechildrenslifeandlearningaccordingtoadultsplanningagoodroute,childrenonlyabsoluteobedience.

Dotingtypeislowdemand,highresponse,parentsdotheirbesttoprovidechildrenwiththegreatestlivingconditionstomeetallthechildrensrequirements.Parentalrearingpatternsaffectthe

developmentofsocialbehaviors,socialemotionsandsocialcognition.Intheprocessofpromotingchildrenssocialdevelopment,parents

createagoodfamilyatmosphereforyoungchildren,adoptscientificandreasonableparentingstyle,respecttheself-esteemandself-

confidenceofyoungchildren,adjustandimprovetherearingpatternofchildrensphysicalandmentaldevelopment.

Keywords:parentingstyle;childrenssocialization;socialmor