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经典英文巨著、宝贵学习参考资料
经典英文巨著、宝贵学习参考资料
Chapter11:ReignOfClaudius,DefeatOfTheGoths.
Part1.Triumph,AndDeathOfAurelian.
UnderthedeplorablereignsofValerianandGallienus,theempirewasoppressedandalmostdestroyedbythesoldiers,thetyrants,andthebarbarians.Itwassavedbyaseriesofgreatprinces,whoderivedtheirobscureoriginfromthemartialprovincesofIllyricum.Withinaperiodofaboutthirtyyears,Claudius,Aurelian,Probus,Diocletianandhiscolleagues,triumphedovertheforeignanddomesticenemiesofthestate,reestablished,withthemilitarydiscipline,thestrengthofthefrontiers,anddeservedtheglorioustitleofRestorersoftheRomanworld.
Theremovalofaneffeminatetyrantmadewayforasuccessionofheroes.TheindignationofthepeopleimputedalltheircalamitiestoGallienus,andthefargreaterpartwereindeed,theconsequenceofhisdissolutemannersandcarelessadministration.Hewasevendestituteofasenseofhonor,whichsofrequentlysuppliestheabsenceofpublicvirtue;andaslongashewaspermittedtoenjoythepossessionofItaly,avictoryofthebarbarians,thelossofaprovince,ortherebellionofageneral,seldomdisturbedthetranquilcourseofhispleasures.Atlength,aconsiderablearmy,stationedontheUpperDanube,investedwiththeImperialpurpletheirleaderAureolus;who,disdainingaconfinedandbarrenreignoverthemountainsofRhaetia,passedtheAlps,occupiedMilan,threatenedRome,andchallengedGallienustodisputeinthefieldthesovereigntyofItaly.Theemperor,provokedbytheinsult,andalarmedbytheinstantdanger,suddenlyexertedthatlatentvigorwhichsometimesbrokethroughtheindolenceofhistemper.Forcinghimselffromtheluxuryofthepalace,heappearedinarmsattheheadofhislegions,andadvancedbeyondthePotoencounterhiscompetitor.ThecorruptednameofPontirolo^1stillpreservesthememoryofabridgeovertheAdda,which,duringt
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