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AlgebraBSolutions

B1

Supposea,b,c0areintegerssuchthat

abc−bc−ac−ab+a+b+c=2013.(B.1)

Findthenumberofpossibilitiesfortheorderedtriple(a,b,c).

Solution.Subtracting1frombothsidesandfactoring,weobtain

2012=(a−1)(b−1)(c−1).(B.2)

WritingaÍÍÍ

=a−1andsimilarlywithb,c,itsufficestocounttheorderedintegertrip

(aÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ

,b,c)suchthata,b,c≥0andabc=2012.

ÍÍÍ

Immediately,werequirea,b,c0.Letτ(n)denotethenumberofpositivedivisorsofn.

21

Theprimefactorizationof2012is2·503,sothenumberofpossibletripis

Ø

22

τ(d)=τ(1)+τ(2)+τ(2)+τ(503)+τ(2·503)+τ(2·503)

d|2012

d0

whichsimplifiesto1+2+3+2+4+6=18.

B2

tyLouandPeggySuetaketurnsflippingswitchesona100100grid.Initially,all

×

switchesare“off.”tyLoualwaysflipsahorizontalrowofswitchesonherturn;Peggy

Suealwaysflipsaverticalcolumnofswitches.Whentheyfinish,thereisanoddnumberof

switchesturned“on”ineachrowandcolumn.Findtheumnumberofswitchesthat

canbeon,intotal,whentheyfinish.

Remark.ThenamesaretakenfromtheBeachBoyssong“BarbaraAnn.”

Solution.WecanassumetyLouflipseachrowatmostonce,andsimilarlywithPeggy

Sueandthecolumns.Afterpermutingtherowsandcolumns,wecanassumealltheflipped

rowsareadjacent