中考英语科普文阅读理解练习题.docxVIP

中考英语科普文阅读理解练习题

同学们，在中考英语的阅读理解题型中，科普类文章因其题材广泛、信息量大、语言严谨而占有一席之地。这类文章不仅考查我们的语言理解能力，还能拓宽我们的科学视野，培养逻辑思维。下面，我们就通过一篇典型的科普短文及配套练习，来熟悉这类文章的特点和解题技巧。

阅读理解短文

TheMysteryofSleep

Sleepissomethingwealldo,yetitsexactpurposeremainsoneofthegreatmysteriesofscience.Forcenturies,peoplehavewonderedwhywespendroughlyathirdofourlivesinthisstateofreducedconsciousness.Modernsciencehasmadesignificantstridesinunderstandingsleep,butmanyquestionsstilllinger.

Onewidelyacceptedtheoryisthatsleepiscrucialforbrainfunction.Duringsleep,especiallydeepsleep,thebrainundergoesaprocessofrepairandrestoration.Itisbelievedthatthisiswhenthebrainconsolidatesmemories,processesinformationfromtheday,andclearsoutharmfulwasteproductsthataccumulateduringwakinghours.Studieshaveshownthatindividualswhoaresleep-deprivedoftenexperiencedifficultieswithconcentration,decision-making,andemotionalregulation.

Anotherimportantaspectofsleepisitsroleinphysicalhealth.Growthhormone,essentialforgrowthandcellrepair,isprimarilyreleasedduringdeepsleep.Additionally,sleephelpsregulatehormonesthatcontrolappetite,suchasleptinandghrelin.Alackofsleepcandisruptthesehormones,potentiallyleadingtoincreasedhungerandahigherriskofweightgainovertime.

Thesleepcycleitselfisafascinatingphenomenon.Itconsistsofseveralstages,includinglightsleep,deepsleep,andREM(RapidEyeMovement)sleep.REMsleepisthephasewheremostvividdreamingoccurs.Theeyesmoverapidlybeneaththeeyelids,andbrainactivityincreasestolevelssimilartowakefulness,eventhoughthebodyisessentiallyparalyzedtopreventactingoutdreams.Eachsleepcyclelastsapproximately90minutes,andwegothroughmultiplecycleseachnight.

Howmuchsleepdoweneed?Thisvariesbyage,withnewbornsrequiringupto17hoursaday,whileadultsgenerallyneed7-9hours.Teenagers,whose