四级考试阅读笔记.docxVIP

四级考试阅读笔记(3)

A)relａtｉoｎshｉｐsbetweenｃauｓesandｒｅsｕltｓ?B）cｌassｉficatｉonoｆreasoning?C)somｅothercoｍmoｎtyｐesoｆreasoｎｉng

D）soｍｅspeciａlｔｙpeofreａsonｉng?2.Aｃcorｄingtｏtｈepassａｇｅ,ｔoｄｏｔhe“efｆecttoefｆｅｃt“reasonｉngｉsｔoreasoｎ＿___.

A)frｏｍcausetｏeffect?Ｂ）ｆｒｏmｅffecｔtocaｕse?C)ｆrｏmeffecttoeffectandontocａuｓｅ?D）fｒomeｆfecttocaｕｓeandontoaｎｏｔhereｆｆｅcｔ

3.Anecｅssarｙcaｕseｉs____．

A)ｏnｅwithoｕtwhichｉtisimpossibleforthｅeｆfecttｏoｃｃur

Ｂ)oneofｔｈecausesthatcanproducetｈｅeffeｃt?Ｃ)onｅtｈatｉsenｏuｇhtｏmaketheeffectｏｃcuｒ

D）noneoｆthｅm?４.Yｏurrｅｆrigeratｏｒｉsnotworkｉngａｎdｙｏuhavefoｕndthattheelecｔrｉcｐoweｒｈasbeｅnｃutoｆf.?Thepowｅrfａilureｉｓa___＿.?A）nｅcesｓａrｙｃauseB)suｆfｉcientcaｕsｅ

C)cｏｎtriｂuｔorycauseＤ）noneoｆthem

５．Thｉｓｐassagemaiｎｌyｄiscuｓses____.?Ａ)cａuｓａｌreasoｎiｎgＢ)classifｉｃａtionofｃause?C）variouｓtｙpesofreaｓｏnｉngD)thecaｕsａlprocess?Questｉons1tｏ５arebaｓｅdonthefollｏｗingｐａssagｅ.

Anotheｒcｏmmonｔypｅｏfｒeａｓoninｇisthｅsearchforcausesandrｅsｕlts.Ｗewanttoknｏwwhetｈｅrciｇaretteｓrｅallydｏcauseｌunｇｃａｎceｒ,whatcausｅmalnutｒition（养分不良）,thedecayofcitieｓ,ｏrthｅdecayofｔｅeth.Wｅareequallyinteresteｄinｅfｆecｔｓ：wｈａｔisｔheeffｅctｏfｓulｐhuｒoｒleadintheatmosｐｈerｅ，ofoilsｐillsａｎdｒawｓｅwage（污水、污物)inrｉｖｅrsaｎｄthesｅa,ofsｔａｙingｕplateｏnthenｉｇhｔbeｆｏrｅaｎｅxamｉnaｔion??注:1.reａsoning推理第一句Ａnoｔher…下结论，是主题句其次、三句Weｗantto…anexaminａtiｏn?是举例,可以略读malnutriｔiｏn中“mal”是表达“不好”的前缀；ｏvｅrnutritioｎ养分过剩

Causalｒｅasonｉｎgmａｙｇofｒｏmｃaｕｓetoｅffｅctｏｒfromefｆeｃtｔocausｅ.Eitheｒway,weｒeasonfroｍwhatweｋｎowtowhatwewａnｔｔofinｄout.Ｓomｅｔｉmesweｒeaｓonfｒomａｎeffecttoaｃaｕｓeandtheｎontｏanotｈerｅｆfect．Ｔhus，ｉfwereasｏnthatbecausethelightsｈaｖeｇoneｏｕt,thereｆrigｅｒatorwon”twoｒkwefirstrelａtetｈeeffecｔ(ｌｉgｈtsout)tothｅｃaｕｓｅ(powerｏｆf）andthenrelatｅtｈatcausｅtｏanotｈer