猪源沙门氏菌的分离与耐药性分析（英文）.docxVIP

研究报告

PAGE

1-

猪源沙门氏菌的分离与耐药性分析（英文）

一、Introduction

1.BackgroundofSalmonellainfectioninpigs

Salmonellainfectioninpigsremainsasignificantpublichealthconcernworldwideduetoitspotentialtocausezoonoticdiseasesinhumans.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),SalmonellaisthesecondmostcommoncauseoffoodborneillnessafterCampylobacter,withanestimated4.8billioncasesoccurringannually.Inpigs,Salmonellainfectionischaracterizedbyavarietyofclinicalsigns,includingdiarrhea,vomiting,fever,andlossofappetite.TheeconomicimpactofSalmonellaintheporkindustryisconsiderable,withestimatessuggestingthatitcanreducethegrowthrateofpigsbyupto30%andincreasemortalityrates.

TheprevalenceofSalmonellainpigsisinfluencedbyseveralfactors,includingthemanagementpracticesonfarms,theenvironmentalconditions,andtheintroductionofthebacteriathroughcontaminatedfeedandwater.Inparticular,theuseofantibioticsinanimalagriculturehasbeenidentifiedasakeydriverinthedevelopmentofdrug-resistantSalmonellastrains.Forinstance,astudyconductedintheUnitedStatesreportedthat74.2%ofSalmonellaisolatesfrompigswereresistanttoatleastoneantimicrobialagent,with13.1%resistanttothreeormore.ThisresistancehasraisedconcernsabouttheeffectivenessofcurrenttreatmentstrategiesforhumanSalmonellainfectionsandhasledtoincreasedscrutinyofantibioticuseinanimalhusbandry.

Furthermore,thetransmissionofSalmonellafrompigstohumanscanoccurthroughvariousroutes,suchasdirectcontactwithinfectedanimals,consumptionofcontaminatedporkproducts,andexposuretotheenvironment.IntheEuropeanUnion(EU),thenumberofhumancasesattributedtoSalmonellainfectionsinpigshasbeensteadilyincreasingoverthepastdecade.Forexample,in2019,therewere92,726casesofhumanSalmonellainfectionsreportedintheEU,withaca