VAR IAN中级微观经济学复习大纲.pdfVIP

VARIAN中级微观经济学复习大纲

2,BudgetConstraint

♦Describebudgetconstraint

-Algebra:p、x+P、Y=i

B(Pp…,p,m)={(x,…,x)|x0,…,x0andpjXj+…+pxm]

nxnxnnn

-Graph：

♦Describechangesinbudgetconstraint

♦Governmentprogramsandbudgetconstraints

♦Non-linearbudgetlines

上图是基本欧I，税收和补助、QuantityDiscount,QuantityPenalty,OnePriceNegativeTheFoodStampProgram,niform

AdValoremSalesTaxes,都可以看做商品价格或收入发生变动，从而预线斜率，截距发生变动。

TheFoodStampProgramShapesofBudgetConstraints

withaQuantityDiscount

FG=100:beforestamps.m=$100

100Budgetsetafter40food

stampsissued.

Thefamilysbudget

setisenlarged.

40100140F

3.Preferences

IndifferenceCurves

•Describepreferences:strictpreference;indifference;weak

preference

•三大公理：完备性，反身性，传递性

•Indifferencecurves（无差异曲线）

无差异曲线形状诸多：良好性状的、完全互补、完全替代等。

•We-behavedpreferences：

Well-BehavedPreferences—

Monotonicity（单调性）：Moreofanycommodityisalwayspreferredi（.e.Convexity.

nosatiationandeverycommodityisagood）.

Convexity凸（性）：Mixturesofbundlesarea（tleastweakly）preferredlo

thebundlesthemselves.

•Margi