成本计算系统类型与作业基础成本法.pptxVIP

MADIIABCworkedthroughexample

TypesofcostingsystemsDirectcostingsystems-onlyassigndirectcoststocostobjects.Reportcontributionstoindirect(fixed)costsTraditionalabsorptioncostingsystems–(MAD1).Assigndirectandindirectcosts.Focusondepartments.Allocationofoverheadsbasedononlyafewbaseswhichvarywiththevolumeproduced(machinehours/labourhours)ABC.Allocationofindirectcostsbyactivity,ratherthandepartment.Normallyonedepartmentperformsmorethanoneactivity.Eachactivityisallocatedbasedonacostdriver(metric)whichrelatesdirectlytotheactivityperformed.

CostdriversTraditionalcostingsystemsusevolumebasedcostdrivers(output,directmachinehours,directlabourhours).Assumethatthereisahighcorrelationbetweenuseofindirectresourcesandunitsproduced,i.e.activitiesareperformedeachtimeaunitisproduced.ABCcostingsystemsusevolumebasedandnon-volumebasedcostdrivers.Nonvolumebaseddriversdonotbearadirectrelationshiptoproduction,e.g.settingupthemachinerytoperformarun.

ABCMorecomplextoimplementandrun.Moreactivities(depts.)andmoreallocationbasesBestsuitedtocompanieswith:WiderangeofproductsDirectlabourisonlysmallfractionofTCOverheadcostsaremoresignificantWellsuitedtoservicebasedorganisations

QuestionProductXProductYProductZTotal1Productionandsales(units)30,00020,0008,0002Rawmaterialusage(units)55113Directmaterialcost￡25￡20￡11￡1,238,0004Directlabourhours11/32188,0005Machinehours11/31276,0006Directlabourcost￡8￡12￡67Numberofproductionruns3720308Numberofdeliveries9320329Numberofreceipts(2*7)a153522027010NumberofproductionorderOverheads11Overheadcosts:Set-up30,000Machines760,000Receiving435,000Packing250,000Engineering373,000￡1,848,000

Required:a)Computetheproductcostsusingatraditionalvolume-relatedcostingsystembasedontheassumptionsthat: (i)alloverheadsar