脂质：储存、结构功能及分析方法.pptx

liguofu§11Lipids§11.1Storagelipids§11.2Structurallipidsinmembranes§11.3Lipidsassignals,cofactors,andpigments§11.4Separationandanalysisoflipids

liguofuStoragelipidsTriacylglycerolsWaxesfattyacids(C14-36)Alcohols(C16-30)+Highmeltingpoints(60-100?C)Energystorage(Plankton,浮游生物)Waterrepellant(birdsandplants)

liguofuFatcellofpigFatdropletsPlantseedcellStoredoilbodies

liguofuTriacontanoylpalmitate(majorcomponentofbeeswax)(三十烷醇/蜂花醇)

liguofu月桂酸肉豆蔻酸棕榈酸硬脂酸花生酸木蜡酸棕榈油酸油酸亚油酸亚麻酸花生四稀酸

liguofuPhysicalandchemicalpropertiescisdoublebondcausesakinkamphipathic(两亲性)

liguofuFAinfood(x%)SourceLauric/MyristicPalmiticStearicOleicLinoleicBeef5 26-3220-2537-432-3Milk 25 12333Coconut74 1027Corn 8-123-419-2434-62Olive 9 284 4Palm 39 4 408Soybean 9 6 2052Sunflower 6 1 2166

liguofu§11Lipids§11.1Storagelipids§11.2Structurallipidsinmembranes§11.3Lipidsassignals,cofactors,andpigments§11.4Separationandanalysisoflipids

liguofuStructurallipidsinmembranesPhospholipidsSphingolipids3.Glycolipids4.CholesterolGlycerophospholipidsSphingophospholipidsSphingoglycolipidsGlyceroglycolipids

liguofu

liguofu1.Glycerophospholipids(majorlipidinmembranes)

liguofu磷脂酰乙醇胺,PE磷脂酰胆碱,PC,又称卵磷脂磷脂酰丝氨酸，PS磷脂酰甘油，PG磷脂酰肌醇（PI）心磷脂双磷脂酰甘油

liguofuSomeGlycerophospholipidshaveether-linkedfattyacidsfoundincentralnervoussystemandinheartmuscle.It’sresistanttophospholipases.(why?)activeatverylowconcentration(0.1nM)releasedfrombasophils（嗜碱白细胞）缩醛磷脂血小板激活因子

liguofu2.Sphingolipids(神经)鞘氨醇

liguofu神经酰胺(神经)鞘磷脂(SM)脑苷脂神经节苷脂

liguofuSimilaritiesbetweenPGSM

liguofuSphingolipidsatCellSurfaceareSitesofBiologicalRec