熔融硫磺储存与装卸的危险性hazards_of_molten_sulfur_storage_and_handling.pdfVIP

FundamentalsofSulfurRecovery

Presentedatthe

53rdAnnual

LauranceReidGasConditioningConference

February23-26,2003

HAZARDSOFMOLTENSULFURSTORAGEHANDLING

JohnnyE.Johnson

WashingtonGroupInternational,Inc.

Denver,Colorado

NathanA.Hatcher

ConocoPhillips

PoncaCityOklahoma

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INTRODUCTION

Inrecentyearstherehasbeenanincreasedinteresttoreducevagrantemissionsfromsulfurrecoveryfacilities,an

efforttofurtherimprovesafetyduringhandlingofthemoltensulfurproduct,andamovetoimprovethefinal

formedsolidproductqualitybydegassingthemoltensulfurproduct.Suchactivitieshaverequiredclose

attentiontopreviouslyknowncharacteristicsofmoltensulfurproducedfromClausSulfurRecoveryUnits(SRU)

andthesolubleH2Scontainedintherawproduct.Inthissametimeperiod,improvementsorextensionstothe

ClausSRUtechnology,suchasoxygenenrichment,andanincreasedneedformoltensulfurdegassinghavein

manycaseschangedtheoperatingconditionsandoperatingproceduresformoltensulfurcollection,storageand

handlingfacilities.

ThispaperaddressestheimportantparametersforthesafehandlingofmoltensulfurproducedinanSRU.A

processflowdiagramforatypicalsulfurhandlingsystemispresentedtoreviewthemajorunitoperations.

Materialbalanceshavebeendevelopedforcasesbothwithandwithoutsulfurdegassingtoquantitativelyfollow

themoltensulfurH2Scontentasthesulfuriscollected,stored,degassed,pumpedandtransferredtothefinal

u