修翻译七制呼吸影像肺肿瘤.pptVIP

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  • 2026-03-04 发布于北京
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(六)肺肿瘤pulmonarytumours;分类:

Ⅰ.原发性Primary:

(1)良性benign(少见singularly)

(2)恶性malignant

①支气管肺癌bronchiogeniccancer(98%)

②肺肉瘤sarcoma

Ⅱ.继发性secondary(肺转移瘤metastasis);1.原发性支气管肺癌(Primarybronchogeniccarcinomaoflung):

近年来肺癌的发病率与死亡率急剧上升incidenceandmortalityoflungcancersharprised

吸烟smoking、大气污染atmosphericpollution及工业致癌物质industrialcarcinogen为主要的致病因素causativeagent

;(1)病理pathology:

癌起源于支气管上皮bronchialepithelium,

腺体glandularorgan或细支气管及肺泡上皮epitheliumofthebronchioleoralveolus

;肺癌组织学分型histologicaltype:

小细胞肺癌smallcelllungcancer;SCLC及非小细胞肺癌nonsmall-celllungcancer;NSCLC

非小细胞肺癌nonsmall-celllungcancer;NSCLC分为:

鳞癌squamocellularcancer

腺癌adenocarcinoma

腺鳞癌adenosquamouscarcinoma

大细胞癌largecellcarcinoma

;大体病理分型macropathology:

①中央型centraltype:

②周围型peripheral:

③弥漫型diffuse:

;生长方式growthpattern:

管内型intracanaliculartype(息肉polypus、菜花状cauliflowwer)

管壁型walltype(管腔狭窄或闭塞straitnessorocclusion)

管外型extratubaltype(肺内肿块intrapulmonarymass);(2)临床clinic:

咳嗽cough、咳血emptysis、胸痛chestpain、气促polypnea

压迫症状pressuresymptom:

上腔静脉综合征superiorvenacavasyndrome,膈神经nerviphrenicus和喉返神经recurrentlaryngealnerve麻痹paralysis等

肺外症状extrapulmonarysymptom:

杵状指achropachy、肺性肥大性骨关节病hypertrophicpulmonaryarthropathy等;不同部位的肺癌可有以下几种生长方式growthpattern:

①管内型intracanaliculartype:

癌瘤向管腔内生长,形成息肉样或菜花样肿块,逐渐引起

支气管阻塞intracanalicularpolypoidorcauliflower-like

massblockbronchus

②管壁型walltype:

癌瘤沿支气管壁浸润生长alongbronchus,可使管壁增厚the

wallthickening,造成支气管狭窄或阻塞straitnessorocclusion

③管外型extratubaltype:

癌瘤穿透支气管壁向外生长,在肺内形成肿块penetratethe

wallexcentricgrowth,intrapulmonarymass

①~③型多为中心型肺癌的生长方式

growthpatternofthecentrallungcancer;④肺段以下较小支气管的肺癌,很易侵入肺内形成肿块

intrapulmonarymassisusualinthelungcancerbelowthesegmentalbronchi

⑤细支气管或肺泡上皮的肺癌

thecancerfromepitheliumofthebronchioleoralveolus

初期可沿肺泡壁生长,形成孤立结节状肿块initialstage,growalongthewallofalveolus,formaisolatednode

晚期可经支气管及淋巴管播散,形成弥散性斑片状或粟粒状癌灶advancedstagedis

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