A-Level济学课件：纠正国际收支失衡政策.pdfVIP

Unit7

PoliciestocorrectBOP

disequilibria

Whenthereisadeficitinthebalanceofpayments,andwhen

theeratesystemofthiscountryisnotafreefloating

one,whichmeanstheauto-balancemechanismofdoesnot

apply,variousscouldbetakentoimprovethebalanceof

payments.

Thesepoliciescanbegroupedintotwocategories:

1.Expendituresswitchingpolicies

2.Expendituredampeningpolicies

Expenditureswitchingpolicies

Asisnamed,thosepoliciesareseekingtoswiththe

purchasingfromforeignmadegoods/servicestodomestic

madegoods/services.

Ifthesepoliciesaresuccessful,itisexpectedthat

expenditureonimportedgoodswillfallandexpenditureon

domesticmadegoods,eitherfrominsidethecountryand

outsidethecountry,willrise.

Expenditureswitchingpolicies

BesidestheeffectsonBOP,thereareimpactsofthese

policiesonothermacro-economicvariablikee

rates,unemployment,inflation,etc.

Withsexpenditureonimportsandmoreearningson

exports,theeratestendtorise,unemploymentwill

belowandthereisgreaterinflationpressures.

Expendituredampeningpolicies

Anytakenbythegovernmenttoreducethetotal

expenditureintheeconomyiscalledexpendituredampening

.

Thelogicbehindthisisthatreductioninspendingwill

decreasethedemandforimports,whereasdomestic

producerswillfinditishardtosellinthedomesticmarket,

thustryhardtosellabroad.

Asaresultmoneyoutflowdecreasesandmoneyinflow

increases,BOPwillbeimproved.

Expendituredampeningpolicies

Expendituredampeningpoliciescanbefurtherdividedinto

deflationaryfiscalpoliciesanddeflationarymonetary

policies.

Expendituredampeningpolicies

Fiscalpoliciesareonesrelevanttothegovernmen