职称英语时体态精讲 3.docVIP

职称英语时体态精讲 3 ? ??? 二． 时态的构成规律 ??? 英语通过对动词形式的变化来构成不同的时态和语态。主要是使用be和have作为标识，其构成是有规律的。Be的作用是用来构成进行时和被动语态。Have 用来构成完成时。两者合起来与动词可构成完成时的被动语态完成进行时。看例句（以work, follow为例）： ??? 1）be：??? They are working.(现在进行)??? They were working.（过去进行）??????? They will be working.（将来进行）??? They are followed. （现在的被动）??? They are being followed.（现在进行的被动）??? They were being followed.（过去进行的被动）??? They will be being followed.（将来进行的被动） ??? 2) have ??? They have worked.（现在完成）??? They had worked.? （过去完成）??? They will have work.（将来完成） ??? 3) have + be:??? They have been working.（现在完成进行）??? They had been working.?